乌干达穆塞韦尼时期宪政改革研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 14:32

本文选题：穆塞韦尼 + 宪政改革　；参考：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：乌干达被誉为非洲大陆一颗耀眼的明珠。而乌干达的宪政改革的成果，同样在非洲大陆分外夺目。穆塞韦尼任期的宪政改革是在非洲各国从军政权向民选政府的国际潮流趋势下，平稳而顺利进行的。乌干达民众推翻阿明军政权之后，在穆塞韦尼总统的领导下，努力振兴国民经济，同时稳步推进宪政改革。乌干达国内政局平稳，使得经济发展势头良好。正如邓小平同志曾说：“我们评价一个国家的政治体制、政治结构和政策是否正确，关键是看三条:第一是看国家的政局是否稳定;第二是看能否增进人民的团结，改善人民的生活;第三是看生产力能否得到持续发展。①从乌干达宪政改革实际情况而言，乌干达的宪政改革成果是可喜的。乌干达宪政改革的过程，虽历经波折，但成功抵达胜利的彼岸。穆塞韦尼1986年上台执政以来，乌干达一直是采用无党制，然而2005年7月进行的全民公决，绝大多数乌干达民众要求实行多党制。因而乌干达决定实行多党制。2005年，乌干达议会对现行宪法进行修改。并通过宪法修正案，使乌干达宪法更加完善。乌干达宪政改革主要是在穆塞韦尼政府执政期间进行的。其宪政改革全面且深入，使乌干达宪政改革在非洲大陆大放异彩。本文拟探究穆塞韦尼任期的宪政改革，限于篇幅，，主要是探讨穆塞韦尼总统执政期间的宪政改革内容与影响。尤其是目前北非与中东各国政局动荡的局势之下给各国的启示。全文主体分为四个部分，第一个部分阐述宪政改革的国内背景与国际环境，主要阐述乌干达国内外环境对穆塞韦尼宪政改革的影响，以及探讨为什么要采取宪政改革的原因，还有非洲民主化浪潮对乌干达宪政的影响。第二部分是阐述宪政改革的主要内容，尤其是1995年乌干达新宪法的制定与宪法修正案等内容。第三部分阐述宪政改革的影响，主要涉及宪政改革对乌干达政局、多党制以及司法独立的影响。第四部分则对宪政改革的启示进行阐述以及其宪政改革存在的障碍。在结语处，笔者将对宪政改革进行高度的概括，并将宪政改革成果因素进行总结。
[Abstract]:Uganda is known as a dazzling pearl on the African continent. The fruits of Uganda's constitutional reforms are also striking on the continent. Museveni's constitutional reform was carried out smoothly and smoothly in the international trend from military power to elected government. Following the overthrow of Amin's military regime, the Ugandan people, under President Museveni, worked to revitalize the national economy while steadily advancing constitutional reform. Uganda's domestic political situation is stable, making the economic development momentum good. As Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said, "the key to our assessment of a country's political system, political structure and policy is to see three things: first, whether the country's political situation is stable; and second, whether we can enhance the unity of the people." Improving the lives of the people; third, depending on the sustainable development of productivity, the results of Uganda's constitutional reform are welcome in terms of the actual situation of the constitutional reform in Uganda. Although the process of constitutional reform in Uganda has experienced twists and turns, it has succeeded in reaching the other side of victory. Since Museveni came to power in 1986, Uganda has adopted a non-party system. However, in a referendum held in July 2005, a majority of Ugandans demanded a multi-party system. Uganda therefore decided to adopt a multi-party system. In 2005, the Ugandan Parliament amended the current Constitution. And pass constitutional amendment, make Uganda constitution more perfect. Uganda's constitutional reform took place mainly during the Museveni government. Its constitutional reform is comprehensive and profound, which makes Uganda's constitutional reform shine brilliantly on the African continent. This paper intends to explore the constitutional reform of Museveni's term of office, which is limited to space, and mainly discusses the content and influence of the constitutional reform during President Museveni's administration. In particular, the current situation in North Africa and the Middle East under the political turmoil to countries enlightenment. The main body of the paper is divided into four parts. The first part expounds the domestic background and international environment of constitutional reform, mainly expounds the influence of Uganda's domestic and foreign environment on Museveni's constitutional reform, and probes into the reasons why constitutional reform should be adopted. There is also the impact of the wave of democratization in Africa on the constitutionalism of Uganda. The second part expounds the main contents of constitutional reform, especially the constitution of Uganda in 1995. The third part expounds the influence of constitutional reform, mainly on the influence of constitutional reform on Uganda's political situation, multi-party system and judicial independence. The fourth part expounds the enlightenment of constitutional reform and the obstacles of constitutional reform. In the conclusion, the author will sum up the constitutional reform and the factors of the constitutional reform.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D942.6

【参考文献】