人体组织和器官的法律属性及其支配规则新探

发布时间：2018-07-07 17:45

本文选题：人体组织 + 人体器官　；参考：《南京医科大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于医学的进步,特别是器官移植技术的临床应用和基因工程、胚胎工程、细胞工程等各种生物技术的快速发展,存在于个体生命体范围之内的人体组织和器官的使用价值,正在超越个体的范围成为对他人、对医学和对社会有用的稀有价值。同时,由于人体组织和器官已经成为医治一部分疾患如脏器衰竭等疾病有效的、在某种情况下甚至是唯一的医疗手段,从而唤起了相应的社会需求。社会已经不得不面对由此引发的诉讼等法律问题。因此,人体组织和器官的法律属性及其支配规则成为倍受社会关注的理论问题和实践问题。关于人体组织和器官的法律属性,国内外学者经过探讨提出了几种学说,在司法实践中也有值得研究的判例。为了深刻分析和揭示人体组织和器官的法律属性,本文建构了“主体载体”的核心概念;在扬弃前人关于人体组织和器官法律属性的几种学说的基础上,提出了“主体载体理论”:人体所有组织和器官都是人格主体的载体,是承载主体人格尊严的生命基础,人体组织和器官就是主体之载体,有其独特的法律地位。关于人体组织和器官的支配规则,本文探讨了实体法规制和程序法规制的建构,讨论了人体组织和器官支配的五项基本原则,人体组织和器官捐献的特殊规制等理论问题,研究了“法律后果”、“主体载体在诉讼中主体之确定”等问题。
[Abstract]:Because of the progress of medicine, especially the clinical application of organ transplantation technology and the rapid development of various biotechnology, such as genetic engineering, embryo engineering, cell engineering, etc., the use value of human tissues and organs that exist within the scope of individual life body. It is becoming a rare value to others, medicine and society beyond the scope of the individual. At the same time, human tissues and organs have become effective and even the only medical means to treat some diseases such as organ failure, thus arousing the corresponding social needs. The society has had to face legal problems such as litigation. Therefore, the legal attributes of human tissues and organs and their governing rules have become a theoretical and practical issue of great social concern. As to the legal attributes of human tissues and organs, scholars at home and abroad have put forward several theories, which are worth studying in judicial practice. In order to deeply analyze and reveal the legal attributes of human tissues and organs, this paper constructs the core concept of "subject carrier", and on the basis of sublimating several previous theories about the legal attributes of human tissues and organs, This paper puts forward the theory of "subject carrier": all tissues and organs of human body are the carrier of personality subject and the basis of life bearing the subject's dignity. Human body tissue and organ is the carrier of subject, which has its unique legal status. This paper discusses the construction of substantive law regulation and procedural law regulation, discusses the five basic principles of human body tissue and organ domination, the special regulation of human body tissue and organ donation, and so on. This paper studies the legal consequences and the determination of the subject in the litigation.
【学位授予单位】：南京医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.4;R-051

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