美国私人检察诉讼演变及其对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-07-09 09:14

本文选题：私人检察诉讼 + 私人检察总长　；参考：《行政法学研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：公民诉讼是美国公益诉讼的重要形态。作为公民诉讼的理论基础,私人检察理论对美国环境和民权等领域的公益保护意义重大。私人检察诉讼在美国经历了由发端到兴起,再到受限的漫长演变过程。这一历程揭示了公益诉讼制度发展的一些基本规律:公益诉讼制度建构必须兼顾政治性与法律性的要求;私人谋利动机不能成为公益诉讼稳定的推动力量;应确立政府执法优先辅以公民诉讼的公益保障机制。我国公益诉讼制度虽应借鉴他国有益经验,但更应重视和挖掘自身独特的政治制度与法制传统。唯有如此,方能建构起符合我国国情的公益诉讼制度。
[Abstract]:Citizen litigation is an important form of public interest litigation in the United States. As the theoretical basis of citizen litigation, private procuratorial theory is of great significance to the protection of public welfare in American environment and civil rights. Private prosecutorial litigation has undergone a long process from beginning to rising and then to limitation in the United States. This course reveals some basic laws of the development of public interest litigation system: the construction of public interest litigation system must take into account the requirements of politics and law, private profit motive can not become the driving force of public interest litigation stability; It is necessary to establish the public welfare guarantee mechanism that government law enforcement should be supported by citizen litigation. Although China's public interest litigation system should draw lessons from the beneficial experiences of other countries, it should pay more attention to and excavate its own unique political system and legal tradition. Only in this way, can we construct the public interest litigation system in accordance with the national conditions of our country.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学行政法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目《检察机关提起行政公益诉讼的理论反思与制度构建研究》(项目编号:15AFX009)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D971.2;DD912.1

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