从清末法制变革看法的价值变迁

发布时间：2018-08-21 12:11

【摘要】：“法者天下之公器也，变者天下之公理也”，晚清中国“变”是唯一之出路，而所变者，最大如法律。然法度见于文本，彰于制度，乃外在形式，深层的价值变迁才是要义。清末法制何以巨变？其“变”之后，有怎样的灵魂与轨迹？今日中国，虽相去百年，思古酌今，依然能有一番启示。本文取法制变革与价值变迁为作为研究的两端，用“看”来作为联接的纽带，，诚盼能在前人的基础上，求得对晚清中国法律价值变迁的一知半解，则甚幸。晚清法制变革，实有一个由缓到急，由浅入深的过程，它包括从法律思想的逐渐演进到法律制度层面的具体实践，表现在外在形式上，主要有洋务运动，维新变法，新政修律三次实践。洋务运动“稍变成法”，是晚清法制变革的一个必然的过程，它引起了中国将变革深入到法律层面的思索；维新变法^u始了中国寻求法律政治制度变革的第一次尝试，其主张的“君主立宪”及其实践对中国的法律价值观念做了一次深刻的启蒙运动；清末新政修律是一场大规模的法制改良运动，它的发生，使得中国法律价值变迁从萌芽状态快速发展起来，在法制变革的形式上，它模仿大陆法系建立了近代中国法律体系的雏形；在内容上，它展^u了古老中国一场轰轰烈烈的法律价值变迁运动。本文在略论洋务运动和维新变法的基础上，以清末新政修律为重点，以晚清时局为大背景，用比较的方法对清末法制变革中所发生的法的价值变迁问题深入探析变革深处的灵魂和主线。本文第一部分论述法律价值变迁的缘起，第二部分则就法价值变迁中几个基本问题进行讨论：诸如变革先导的疑问，传承和移植的冲突，法律模式的取向，以及两种法律价值观念最深层的以家族还是个人与本位的问题。希望能在本文的写作过程中对清末法律变迁的问题有一个更为系统清晰的了解。
[Abstract]:The only way out for China in the late Qing Dynasty was to change the law, and the greatest was the law. But the law is seen in the text, the system, is the external form, the deep changes in value is the main meaning. Why did the legal system change dramatically in the late Qing Dynasty? After its "change", what kind of soul and track? Today China, although the past hundred years, think of the ancient wine today, still can have some enlightenment. This article takes the legal system reform and the value change as the two ends of the research, uses the "look" as the link, sincerely hopes to be able to get a semi-understanding of the changes of the legal value of China in the late Qing Dynasty on the basis of the predecessors, it is very fortunate. In the late Qing Dynasty, there was a process from slow to urgent, from shallow to deep. It included the concrete practice from the gradual evolution of legal thought to the level of legal system, manifested in the external form, mainly in the Westernization Movement and the Reform of the Law. The New deal practices the law three times. The Westernization Movement was an inevitable process of the legal system reform in the late Qing Dynasty, which caused China to deepen the reform to the legal level; the reform law started the first attempt of China to seek the reform of the legal and political system. The constitutional monarchy and its practice have made a profound enlightenment to the legal values of China, and the New deal of the late Qing Dynasty was a large-scale legal reform movement, which occurred. It makes the change of Chinese legal value develop rapidly from its budding state. In the form of legal reform, it imitates the rudiments of modern Chinese legal system in the civil law system. It developed a dynamic movement of legal value change in ancient China. On the basis of the Westernization Movement and the Reform, this paper focuses on the New deal of the late Qing Dynasty and takes the situation of the late Qing Dynasty as the background. This paper makes a deep analysis of the soul and main line of the changes in the legal value of the legal system in the late Qing Dynasty by means of comparative methods. The first part of this paper discusses the origin of the change of legal value, the second part discusses several basic problems in the change of legal value: such as the question of the guide of change, the conflict of inheritance and transplantation, the orientation of the legal model. And two kinds of legal values are the deepest questions of family or individual and standard. I hope to have a more systematic and clear understanding of the legal changes in the late Qing Dynasty in the writing process of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D929

【参考文献】