出租车行业特许经营的违法性分析及其矫治路径

发布时间：2018-10-12 13:03

【摘要】：出租车作为城市交通运输的重要组成部分,常被誉为“流动的风景线”或“城市名片”。出租车行业是一个涉及公共利益且提供公共服务的行业,其发展广受人们的关注。近年来,出租车行业暴露出许多问题,重庆城区、海南三亚、甘肃永登、广东汕头、浙江温州等地发生了一连串出租车罢运、黑车泛滥、出租车许可证天价转让等事件。究其原因,都与出租车行业不合理的管制体制有关,而特许经营制度的存在又是不合理管制体制的核心所在。本文试图以“出租车特许经营”为切入点,在对出租车行业及特许经营相关理论进行厘清的基础上,指出了出租车行业实行特许经营引发的弊端,并结合《宪法》、《行政许可法》和《反垄断法》的相关规定剖析其违法性,进而探讨对出租车行业管制模式的可行性路径。本文主要分为四个部分。第一部分分析了出租车特许经营的一般理论,主要从特许经营的概念以及出租车行业特许经营的历史沿革来加以论述。第二部分考察了出租车行业特许经营引发的弊端,主要包括市场准入歧视,造成垄断经营、特许经营催生了“黑车”的大量出现、出租车司机处于利益链条末端、造成了国家利益、消费者个人利益受损。第三部分通过对《宪法》、《行政许可法》和《反垄断法》相关规定的研究,对出租车行业实行特许经营存在违法性进行了剖析,认为其违背了宪法基本原则,根据现行法律、法规、规章,出租车行业不属于特许经营范围,同时也违背了《反垄断法》的相关规定。第四部分借鉴了国外出租车行业优秀的管理经验,结合我国出租车行业的发展特点,提出了出租车行业管制模式的改革路径,具体而言,应当将出租车行业纳入一般许可范围、加强出租车服务质量和安全管制、引入激励性管制方式和强化出租车行业协会的“第三部门”职能。
[Abstract]:As an important part of urban transportation, taxi is often praised as "mobile landscape" or "city business card". Taxi industry is a public interest and the provision of public services industry, its development is widely concerned by people. In recent years, the taxi industry has exposed many problems, such as Chongqing City, Hainan Sanya, Gansu Yongdeng, Guangdong Shantou, Zhejiang Wenzhou and other places, such as a series of taxi strikes, black cars flooding, taxi license transfer and other events. The reason is related to the unreasonable regulation system of taxi industry, and the existence of franchise system is the core of unreasonable control system. This paper attempts to take "taxi franchise" as the starting point, on the basis of clarifying the relevant theories of taxi industry and franchise, points out the drawbacks caused by the practice of franchise in taxi industry. Combined with the relevant provisions of the Constitution, the Administrative Licensing Law and the Anti-monopoly Law, the author analyzes its illegality, and then probes into the feasible way to regulate the taxi industry. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the general theory of taxi franchise, mainly from the concept of franchise and the history of taxi franchise. The second part examines the disadvantages caused by the franchise in the taxi industry, including discrimination in market access, monopoly, the emergence of a large number of "black cars", and the taxi drivers at the end of the interest chain. Caused the national interest, consumer individual interest is damaged. In the third part, through the research on the relevant provisions of the Constitution, the Administrative license Law and the Anti-monopoly Law, the author analyzes the existence of illegality in the practice of franchise in the taxi industry, and considers that it violates the basic principles of the Constitution, and according to the existing laws, Regulations, taxi industry is not part of the franchise, but also in violation of the relevant provisions of the Antimonopoly Law. The fourth part draws lessons from the foreign taxi industry outstanding management experience, unifies our country taxi profession development characteristic, proposed the taxi profession regulation pattern reform path, specifically, should bring the taxi profession into the general permission scope. To strengthen taxi service quality and safety control, to introduce incentive regulation and to strengthen the "third sector" function of taxi trade association.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.4;F572

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