《波士顿法律》中律师言语的批评性话语分析

发布时间：2018-12-21 21:36

【摘要】：批评性话语分析是由福勒Fowler等语言学家在20世纪70年代提出的,它是一种旨在把语言和语言使用与其意识形态意义联系起来的分析方法,其目的是通过对大众语篇的分析来揭示意识形态对语篇形成的影响和语篇对意识形态的反作用。批评性话语分析作为一种把语言的社会性作为分析目的的话语分析,其方法论主要是建立在系统功能语言学的基础上。语言的本质与我们对它的需求和它所应完成的功能有着密切联系,因此,韩礼德的系统功能语法可以作为批评性话语分析的工具。本文试图通过对美剧《波士顿法律》中律师言语进行分析,探讨法律语篇中语言与意识形态之间的隐藏关系以及展示语篇生产者如何通过语言的选择传播他们的意志和观点。本文从宏观的角度用费尔克劳夫的三维分析模式来进行语料分析。这一分析模式包括三步骤：描述、阐释和说明。首先作者从微观上用韩礼德的系统功能语法为工具,主要从概念功能对律师的语言特征进行描述。然后联系语篇与语篇生产者之间的关系阐释语篇的生成过程。最后作者从社会的角度联系相关的社会历史语境来说明语篇与社会因素的相互关系,主要分析《波士顿法律》中律师的社会历史背景以及语篇中所体现的权利意识形态关系。通过以上的分析可以发现语篇中的语言特征如分类、及物性、转换的选择等都受到语言的功能和语篇生产者的意识形态的支配。语篇作为一种强有力的工具能帮助律师实现他们的目的。因此,我们在分析语篇时,不仅要分析语言的本身,同时也要考虑到一些社会因素如意识形态、语言与权力之间的关系等。批评性话语分析方法能够揭示隐藏在律师言语中的意识形态,从而帮助观众自觉地感知隐藏在律师言语中的意识形态。
[Abstract]:Critical discourse analysis (CDA) was proposed by linguists such as Fowler in the 1970s. It is an analytical method designed to link language and language use with its ideological meaning. Its purpose is to reveal the influence of ideology on the formation of discourse and the reaction of discourse to ideology through the analysis of popular discourse. As a kind of discourse analysis which regards the sociality of language as the purpose of analysis, the methodology of critical discourse analysis is mainly based on systemic functional linguistics. The nature of language is closely related to our need for it and the functions it should perform. Therefore, Halliday's systemic functional grammar can be used as a tool for critical discourse analysis. This paper attempts to explore the hidden relationship between language and ideology in legal discourse through the analysis of lawyers' speech in Boston Law, and to demonstrate how discourse producers communicate their will and views through language choice. In this paper, three-dimensional analysis model of Faircroft is used to carry out corpus analysis from a macro point of view. This analytical model consists of three steps: description, interpretation and explanation. Firstly, using Halliday's systemic functional grammar as a tool, the author mainly describes the language features of lawyers from conceptual functions. Then the relationship between the text and the producer explains the formation of the text. Finally, the author tries to explain the relationship between discourse and social factors from the perspective of social and historical context, and mainly analyzes the social and historical background of lawyers in Boston Law and the relationship between rights and ideologies embodied in the discourse. Through the above analysis, we can find that the linguistic features in the discourse, such as classification, transitivity and the choice of transformation, are all controlled by the functions of language and the ideology of the producers of the discourse. Discourse as a powerful tool can help lawyers achieve their goals. Therefore, when we analyze discourse, we should not only analyze the language itself, but also take into account some social factors such as ideology, the relationship between language and power, and so on. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) can reveal the ideology hidden in the lawyer's speech and help the audience consciously perceive the ideology hidden in the lawyer's speech.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H313;D90-055

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