中美两国公务员制度比较研究
发布时间：2019-04-17 08:44
【摘要】：完善中国的公务员制度是建立社会主义民主政治的内在要求。为了实现这一目标,有必要将中国的公务员制度同国外先进的公务员制度进行比较研究,从中发现中国公务员制度的不足之处,以及目前世界上现有的公务员制度的先进经验和做法。 美国是目前世界上最为发达的国家,其公务员制度也是世界上最为完善的公务员制度之一,因此本文将中国的公务员制度同美国的公务员制度进行比较研究,发现中美两国公务员制度之间的异同,以期能够对完善中国的公务员制度有所帮助。 本文包括结语部分共有六章,各章的内容如下： 第一章对说明了公务员制度的含义,指出公务员制度产生的历史原因,并对中美两国公务员制度的建立过程和发展过程进行了总结,指出了中美两国公务员制度建立和发展一方面是由于两国的现代化的需要决定的。另一方面,中美两国不同的国情又使得两国的公务员制度存在着较大的区别。 第二章讨论了中美两国公务员制度指导原则的异同。公务员制度的指导原则是公务员制度建立和发展的灵魂,因此指导原则的不同显示出中美两国公务员制度相异的内在根源。指导原则的相同部分则为两国的公务员制度的相互学习奠定了可能性。 第三章讨论了中美两国公务员制度在人事分类制度方面的异同。美国目前实行的是较为完善的建立在官分两途基础之上的公务员职位分类制度,其专业化特征非常明显。中国实行的则是结合了品位分类制度的职位分类制度,它吸收了品位分类制度和职位分类制度的优势,但自身也存在着问题。 第四章探讨了中美两国公务员制度关于公务员的义务和权利的关系的规定,中美两国在公务员权利和义务的规定上有很多相似之处,其相异之处则是有政治制度的不同和现代化进程的不同的两种情况决定的。 第五章对中美两国公务员的职务管理制度进行了比较,这种比较包括公务员的录用机制、考核机制、升降任免机制和培训机制。通过这几个方面的比较,我们可以比较全面地考察中美两国在公务员职务管理制度上的不同,为完善中国的公务员职务管理制度具有很好的借鉴作用。 结语部分提出了中国目前公务员制度中可以加以完善的三方面内容,这三个方面是通过中美两国公务员制度的比较得出的。第一,试行政务类公务员和事务类公务员分开的机制；第二,试行公务员家庭财产申报制度；第三,完善公务员考核制度。
[Abstract]:Perfecting China's civil service system is the inherent requirement of establishing socialist democratic politics. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to make a comparative study of the civil service system in China and the advanced civil service system abroad, and find out the shortcomings of the civil service system in China. And the current world's existing civil service experience and practices. The United States is currently the most developed country in the world, and its civil service system is one of the most perfect civil service systems in the world. Therefore, this paper makes a comparative study of the civil service system in China and the civil service system in the United States. Find the similarities and differences between the civil service systems of China and the United States, in order to improve the civil service system of China. The first chapter explains the meaning of the civil service system and points out the historical reasons for the emergence of the civil service system. The establishment and development process of the civil service system in China and the United States are summarized, and it is pointed out that the establishment and development of the civil service system in China and the United States is determined by the modernization of the two countries on the one hand. On the other hand, China and the United States have different civil service systems because of their different national conditions. The second chapter discusses the similarities and differences of the guiding principles of the civil service system between China and the United States. The guiding principle of the civil service system is the soul of the establishment and development of the civil service system, so the difference of the guiding principle shows the internal origin of the difference of the civil service system between China and the United States. The same part of the guidelines makes it possible to learn from each other in the civil service of the two countries. The third chapter discusses the similarities and differences in the personnel classification system between China and the United States. At present, the United States implements a relatively perfect civil service position classification system, which is based on the two-way system of official division, and its professional characteristics are very obvious. What China implements is the position classification system which combines grade classification system, which absorbs the advantages of grade classification system and post classification system, but also has its own problems. Chapter IV discusses the relationship between civil servants' obligations and rights in the civil service systems of China and the United States, and there are many similarities in the provisions of civil servants' rights and obligations between China and the United States. The differences are determined by the differences in the political system and the modernization process. The fifth chapter compares the job management system of civil servants between China and the United States, which includes the employment mechanism, the assessment mechanism, the promotion and removal mechanism and the training mechanism of the civil servants. Through the comparison of these aspects, we can investigate the differences in the civil service management system between China and the United States in an all-round way, which can be used for reference to perfect the position management system of civil servants in China. The conclusion puts forward three aspects which can be perfected in China's current civil service system, which are drawn from the comparison of the civil service systems between China and the United States. The first is to try out the mechanism of separating civil servants from civil servants; second, to try the family property declaration system of civil servants; third, to improve the evaluation system of civil servants.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.11;D971.2
本文编号：2459276
[Abstract]:Perfecting China's civil service system is the inherent requirement of establishing socialist democratic politics. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to make a comparative study of the civil service system in China and the advanced civil service system abroad, and find out the shortcomings of the civil service system in China. And the current world's existing civil service experience and practices. The United States is currently the most developed country in the world, and its civil service system is one of the most perfect civil service systems in the world. Therefore, this paper makes a comparative study of the civil service system in China and the civil service system in the United States. Find the similarities and differences between the civil service systems of China and the United States, in order to improve the civil service system of China. The first chapter explains the meaning of the civil service system and points out the historical reasons for the emergence of the civil service system. The establishment and development process of the civil service system in China and the United States are summarized, and it is pointed out that the establishment and development of the civil service system in China and the United States is determined by the modernization of the two countries on the one hand. On the other hand, China and the United States have different civil service systems because of their different national conditions. The second chapter discusses the similarities and differences of the guiding principles of the civil service system between China and the United States. The guiding principle of the civil service system is the soul of the establishment and development of the civil service system, so the difference of the guiding principle shows the internal origin of the difference of the civil service system between China and the United States. The same part of the guidelines makes it possible to learn from each other in the civil service of the two countries. The third chapter discusses the similarities and differences in the personnel classification system between China and the United States. At present, the United States implements a relatively perfect civil service position classification system, which is based on the two-way system of official division, and its professional characteristics are very obvious. What China implements is the position classification system which combines grade classification system, which absorbs the advantages of grade classification system and post classification system, but also has its own problems. Chapter IV discusses the relationship between civil servants' obligations and rights in the civil service systems of China and the United States, and there are many similarities in the provisions of civil servants' rights and obligations between China and the United States. The differences are determined by the differences in the political system and the modernization process. The fifth chapter compares the job management system of civil servants between China and the United States, which includes the employment mechanism, the assessment mechanism, the promotion and removal mechanism and the training mechanism of the civil servants. Through the comparison of these aspects, we can investigate the differences in the civil service management system between China and the United States in an all-round way, which can be used for reference to perfect the position management system of civil servants in China. The conclusion puts forward three aspects which can be perfected in China's current civil service system, which are drawn from the comparison of the civil service systems between China and the United States. The first is to try out the mechanism of separating civil servants from civil servants; second, to try the family property declaration system of civil servants; third, to improve the evaluation system of civil servants.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.11;D971.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 马晓娟;我国公务员辞职辞退理论与实践研究[D];新疆大学;2013年
，本文编号：2459276
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