《美国发明法案》研究

发布时间：2019-04-24 19:41

【摘要】：“他山之石,可以攻玉”。美国之所以能世界上最先进的发达资本主义国家,其独特的专利制度对其经济、科技等多个方面的发展起到了无可比拟的重要作用。我国的专利制度以及其他知识产权制度,从建立之初,就一直处于外来的政治经济压力而被迫引进移植——在中国早期开始的知识产权保护是“中国人在西方国家的枪口下开始学习法律。”随着我国改革开放的推进,中国在西方发达国家知识产权保护的巨大压力下,在知识产权领域制定了超出本国水平的保护。然而从另一个角度来说,也得益于这种强大的压力,我国以移植、借鉴等方式,建立了包括专利权在内的知识产权法,并通过近年来的不断修改和提高,逐步与国际条约及其他国家的相关法律体系接轨。为了确保移植而来的专利制度能够真正在我国有效地建立,而不仅仅是形式上的借鉴和引进,我们有必要研究、借鉴国外发达国家的立法实践和成功经验,作为我们制定我国专利法律的指导。因此,研究美国专利制度的最新发展,不仅能真正掌握美国专利制度的特点和经验,而且能够更好地将其精华到我国的法制建设,为现阶段我国的法制建设和发展做出贡献。本文以美国专利法律制度历史发展为线索,对本次专利改革法案的关键性内容予以解析,为我国专利体系引用、借鉴提供素材。本文主体共分四个部分。第一章是“专利制度概述”,就美国专利制度的概念及其法律渊源进行了阐述。具体分析专利在美国法律中的概念,介绍美国专利制度作为一个完整的法律体系,其法律渊源包括：宪法、国会制定法、普通法、行政法、双边和多边国际协议等。第二章的主要内容是“美国专利制度的沿革”,就美国专利制度的建立和沿革进行了介绍。同时着重阐述了此次美国专利法改革的历程。第三章是对此次专利法改革法案的内容评析。此部分以实体、程序、行政、司法为序,通过对新旧专利法规定的比较,详细阐述、分析了此次《美国发明法案》的关键性内容。第四章为“《美国发明法案》对我国的影响及启示”。主要针对美国专利制度变革中的经验和可能对中国的影响,阐述了对我国现阶段专利制度发展的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The stone of other mountains can be used to attack jade. The reason why the United States can be the most advanced developed capitalist countries in the world, its unique patent system has played an unparalleled important role in the development of its economy, science and technology and so on. China's patent system and other intellectual property rights systems, from the beginning of its establishment, It has been under external political and economic pressure and has been forced into transplantation-the intellectual property protection that began in China's early days is that "the Chinese begin to learn law at the gunpoint of Western countries." With the advance of China's reform and opening-up, under the great pressure of the protection of intellectual property rights in western developed countries, China has formulated protection beyond its own level in the field of intellectual property rights. However, from another point of view, thanks to this strong pressure, China has established intellectual property law, including patent rights, in the form of transplantation and reference, and has been continuously modifying and improving in recent years. Step by step with international treaties and the relevant legal systems of other countries. In order to ensure that the transplanted patent system can really be established effectively in our country, not only in the form of reference and introduction, it is necessary for us to study and draw lessons from the legislative practice and successful experience of foreign developed countries. As our guidance for the enactment of patent laws in China. Therefore, the research on the latest development of American patent system can not only grasp the characteristics and experience of American patent system, but also make contribution to the construction and development of legal system in our country by putting its essence into the legal system construction of our country better. Taking the historical development of American patent law system as a clue, this paper analyzes the key contents of this patent reform bill, and provides reference material for reference of patent system in our country. The main body of this paper is divided into four parts. The first chapter is an overview of the patent system, which expounds the concept and legal origin of the patent system in the United States. This paper analyzes the concept of patent in American law, and introduces the American patent system as a complete legal system. Its legal sources include constitution, Congress enactment law, common law, administrative law, bilateral and multilateral international agreements and so on. The second chapter is "the evolution of American patent system", and introduces the establishment and evolution of American patent system. At the same time, it expounds the course of the reform of American patent law. The third chapter is the content analysis of the patent law reform bill. This part, in the order of entity, procedure, administration and judicature, analyzes the key contents of the American Invention Act by comparing the old and new patent law. The fourth chapter is "American Invention Act" influence and enlightenment to our country. Based on the experience in the reform of American patent system and its possible impact on China, this paper expounds the significance of reference for the development of patent system in China at present.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D971.2;DD913

【参考文献】