韩国行政程序中公众参与制度与对我国的启示

发布时间：2019-06-15 20:07

【摘要】：在如今社会,政府的行政行为牵涉到百姓生活的方方面面,其作用也越来越明显,因此,公众在行政程序中的参与问题也显得尤为重要,但我国还没有一部行政程序法来保障公众的行政程序中的参与的权利。不过我们的邻国韩国有较为完善的行政程序法,也在行政程序中的公众参与也有其独到之处与可借鉴之处。在过去重视行政的效率性和弹性的确保,认为对行政的程序性规制对行政的效率运行有影响,但如今以基本权的保障为理念的实质法制国家来说能确保行政的公正性和适当性的保障才能具体体现法治主义。因此,为救济国民权益侵害,事后的行政救济制度(行政审判,行政诉讼等)是必然的,及在行政权发起前的阶段也是通过对行政的国民参与的民主性管制和作为事前程序规制的行政程序的必要性是切实的。行政程序制度是对国民的权利、义务有重大影响的行政决定,让利害关系人参与提出自身意见,让行政厅提示行政决定的充分的合理的根据,力图让行政过程合理化,保护国民权益及行政的民主化的制度。如今的行政要在公众参与的角度重新检讨下,这与一直以来议论过的依公正的事前行政程序的主管性的国民权益保护是不同观点。国民参与的法理要求比适法程序更积极的观点下把国民意向更具体的反映来确保行政的民主统治和关于行政的信赖。行政过程是由政策的提案开起,有谁来参加这样的政策提案过程这时政治性秩序的问题与法律秩序之前的问题,与行政程序没有直接的关系,但行政的法律过程来说有必要实现国民对行政的直接的能动的参与。即行政权在有法律依据的时候也是不是单方性的、独断的行使,有客观的行政权发动的事实的存在得到证明了才能认定行政权的具体行使。这即是现代行政的特点。这样的公众参与的法理抵消群众对传统的官本位思想的不满,提供行政控制手段,在这点上可以认定为民主行政的重要程序。本文中第一章绪论中提出研究的目的、方法及范围。第二章考察行政程序的一般理论和韩国行政程序法的沿革和现行行政法的内容。第三章考察公众参与的概念和行政程序法和其他法令上关于公众参与制度的规定。第四章为我国行政程序法中公众参与制度现状与韩国对我国的启示第五章为结论,整理之前所述内容,为公正、透明的行政运营,指明确保公众权益保护和行政效率的方向。
[Abstract]:In today's society, the administrative act of the government involves all aspects of the life of the people, and its role is becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, the participation of the public in the administrative procedure is particularly important. However, there is no administrative procedure law in our country to protect the right of the public to participate in the administrative procedure. However, our neighboring South Korea has a more perfect administrative procedure law, but also in the administrative procedure of public participation has its own unique and can be used for reference. In the past, we attached importance to the guarantee of administrative efficiency and flexibility, and considered that the procedural regulation of administration has an impact on the efficient operation of administration, but now the substantive legal countries with the concept of the protection of basic rights can ensure the fairness and appropriateness of administration in order to concretely embody the doctrine of the rule of law. Therefore, in order to relieve the infringement of national rights and interests, the ex post facto administrative relief system (administrative trial, administrative litigation, etc.) is inevitable, and it is practical to adopt the democratic regulation of administrative national participation and the necessity of administrative procedure regulation as a prior procedure in the stage before the initiation of administrative power. The administrative procedure system is an administrative decision which has a great influence on the rights and obligations of the people. The interested parties are allowed to participate in putting forward their own opinions, and the administrative department is asked to prompt the full and reasonable basis of the administrative decision, so as to rationalize the administrative process, protect the rights and interests of the people and the democratization of the administration. Today's administration should be reviewed from the point of view of public participation, which is different from the dominant protection of national rights and interests in accordance with fair prior administrative procedures. The legal requirement of national participation is more positive than the appropriate legal procedure to reflect the national intention more concretely to ensure the democratic rule of administration and the trust of administration. The administrative process begins with the proposal of the policy. Who will participate in the process of the policy proposal? at this time, the problem of the political order is not directly related to the problem before the legal order, but it is necessary for the administrative legal process to realize the direct and dynamic participation of the people in the administrative process. That is to say, when there is a legal basis, the administrative power is not unilateral and arbitrary, and the existence of the fact that there is an objective administrative power has been proved in order to identify the specific exercise of the administrative power. This is the characteristic of modern administration. Such a legal principle of public participation counteracts the dissatisfaction of the masses with the traditional official standard thought and provides administrative control means, which can be regarded as an important procedure of democratic administration. In the first chapter, the purpose, method and scope of the study are put forward in the introduction. The second chapter examines the general theory of administrative procedure and the evolution of Korean administrative procedure law and the content of current administrative law. The third chapter examines the concept of public participation and the provisions of administrative procedure law and other decrees on public participation system. The fourth chapter is the conclusion of the present situation of public participation system in the administrative procedure law of our country and the enlightenment of South Korea to our country. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, sorting out the contents mentioned before, for the fair and transparent administrative operation, and pointing out the direction to ensure the protection of public rights and interests and administrative efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D931.26;D922.1

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