基层警察权益保护问题探讨

发布时间：2018-04-24 21:11

本文选题：基层警察权益 + 保护　；参考：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：人民警察是社会公平正义的化身，是群众利益的保护神。但是随着社会经济的持续发展，各种社会矛盾层出不穷，各地袭警案件频繁发生，民警伤亡人数居高不下，身心健康状况令人担忧，执法权益遭受极大侵犯。面对严酷的社会现实，我们应该更加科学地界定警察权益保护的内涵，认真梳理存在的问题，冷静分析民警权益遭受侵犯的原因，积极探索有效对策，全力保障和维护民警合法权益，为我国社会主义法治建设提供有力支持。警察权益保护的内涵需从权利与利益说和执法权益说这两种学说分析，，本文采权利与利益说，加强警察权益保护，有利于人民警察更好地履行工作职责；有利于减少侵犯民警权益的案（事）件发生；有利于创造和谐的执法环境。目前侵犯警察权益的现象主要呈现以下特点：工作任务繁重，压力日渐增大，民警心理健康状况令人忧虑；警力严重不足，民警超负荷工作，积劳成疾；暴力袭警突出，群体性抗法频发，警察生命健康受到极大威胁；恶意投诉增多，诬告陷害现象突出，警察名誉权侵害严重。我们来冷静分析一下原因警察权益受侵犯的原因：高负荷、高强度、高度紧张的工作状况，让警察心理压力无法及时排解；公安工作任务日渐繁重、警力严重不足，公安机关配置结构不合理、内部运作效率低下，公安机关职责定位模糊，工作量很大而效果不佳，警力增加缺乏法律制度保障，民警整体素质不高，以上原因使警察休息权得不到保障。警察生命健康权屡遭侵害的原因有：经济转轨、社会转型，各种因素荡涤冲击；法律法规不尽完善，惩罚力度明显不够；执法环境不够理想，警民关系尚缺和谐；民警执法不规范，自身素质亟待提高；教育培训工作滞后，武器装备亟待改善。警察名誉权受到侵害的原因主要有：对于大量存在的诬告陷害、侮辱谩骂、恶意诽谤、暴力威胁等行为的相关法律法规不健全；民警名誉权受到侵害时的维权机构欠缺；总体执法环境较差；舆论导向出现偏差偏激现象，另外，公安队伍内部自身存在一定的问题。保护警察权益的对策：对于警察心理健康权的保护，要从开展民警心理健康状况和心理素质调研评估，广泛开展心理咨询服务，积极探索心理危机干预机制，积极开展心理健康教育和心理培训等方面着手开展。对于警察休息权的保护，要从提高各级领导对维护警察休息权的重视程度，优化警力配置格局，提高内部工作效率，转变工作思路，善于借助“民力”为我所用等方面着手进行。对于最重要的警察生命健康权的保护，要重点做好以下工作：增设袭警犯罪，明确法律惩治；保障身心健康，加大经费投入，要构建民警健康状况预警系统，要落实从优待警措施，加大经费保障力度；要优化执法环境，融洽警民关系，具体而言，要严格界定警务行为的范围，限制非警务活动，要充分发挥媒体的舆论导向作用，维护执法权威；要提高民警素质，充实基层警力，具体而言，要加大教育培训力度，提高民警素质，要充实基层警力，优化警力配置；要改善物质装备，增强实战能力，具体来说，一是改善信息设施、交通装备条件，实现科技强警，二是加大警械武器的使用力度和配备力度。对于警察名誉权的保护，可以从以下几个方面着手：一是建立健全警察荣誉权保护法律法规，二是设立人民警察名誉权保护机构，三是着力改善社会执法大环境，四是加强与新闻媒体的沟通交流，五是不断提高人民警察自身素质。当前，我国正处于人民内部矛盾的突现期、刑事犯罪的高发期、对敌斗争的复杂期，公安机关担负着比以往更加繁重艰巨的任务。尊重警察就是尊重国家权威；保护警察就是保护人民自己。保护人民警察的合法权益和保护人民群众的合法权益，是相辅相成的。只有首先保护人民警察的合法权益，才能真正使国家、集体和人民群众的合法权益得到保护，从而为构建和谐社会创造良好的社会环境。
[Abstract]:The people's police are the incarnation of social justice and justice, and the protector of the interests of the masses. However, with the continuous development of the social and economic development, various social contradictions emerge in endlessly. The cases of assaulting police in various places frequently occur, the number of casualties of the police is high, the physical and mental health is worrying, and the rights and interests of the law enforcement are greatly violated. Facing the harsh social reality, I We should more scientifically define the connotation of the protection of police rights and interests, carefully comb the existing problems, calmly analyze the reasons for the infringement of the rights and interests of the police, actively explore effective countermeasures, fully guarantee and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the police, and provide a strong support for the construction of the socialist rule of law in China.
The connotation of the protection of police rights and interests should be analyzed from the two doctrines of rights and interests and law enforcement rights. This article takes the rights and interests and interests, strengthens the protection of the rights and interests of the police, helps the people's police to perform their duties better, helps to reduce the cases of the infringement of the rights and interests of the police, and is conducive to the creation of a harmonious law enforcement environment. The phenomenon of police rights and interests mainly presents the following characteristics: heavy work task, increasing pressure, worrying mental health of the police, serious lack of police force, overloading of police, overwork of police, violent assaulting police, frequent occurrence of group resistance, and great threat to the health of police; more malicious complaints and false accusations. As it stands out, the right of the police is seriously infringed.
We will analyze the reasons for the infringement of the police's rights and interests calmly: high load, high intensity and high tension, so that the police psychological pressure can not be solved in time; the task of police work is increasingly heavy, the police force is seriously inadequate, the structure of the public security organs is not reasonable, the internal operation is inefficient, the position of public security organs is vague, and the work of public security organs is fuzzy. Large quantity but poor effect, the increase of police force lack of legal system guarantee, the overall quality of police is not high, the above reasons make the police rest right can not be guaranteed. The reasons of the police life and health rights are repeatedly infringed on: economic transition, social transformation, all kinds of factors to wipe out the impact; laws and regulations are not perfect, the punishment intensity is obviously insufficient; law enforcement ring The situation is not ideal, the relations between the police and the people are still short of harmony; the police law enforcement is not standard, the quality of their own needs to be improved; the education and training work is lagging behind and the weapons and equipment are urgently to be improved. The main reasons for the infringement of the right of the police are as follows: the related laws and regulations about a large number of false accusations, insult abuses, maliciously libel, and threat of violence are not healthy. All of them are deficient in the rights of the civil police when the right of reputation is infringed; the overall law enforcement environment is poor; the guidance of public opinion is biased in deviation. In addition, there are certain problems within the public security team itself.
The countermeasures to protect the rights and interests of the police: for the protection of the police's right to mental health, the psychological health and psychological quality of the police should be evaluated, the psychological consultation service is carried out extensively, the psychological crisis intervention mechanism is actively explored, the psychological health education and the psychological training are actively carried out. The protection of the right to rest for the police is protected, It is necessary to improve the attention of the leaders at all levels to maintain the right to rest the police, optimize the configuration of police force, improve the efficiency of the internal work, change the work train of thought, and be good at the use of "civil power" for our own use. For the most important police's right to life and health protection, the following work should be done: adding the crime of assaulting police and clear law In order to ensure physical and mental health and increase the investment, we should establish the early warning system for the health status of the police, implement the measures from preferential treatment and increase the security of the funds, optimize the environment of the law enforcement and harmonizing the relations between the police and the people. In particular, we should strictly define the scope of the policing behavior, limit the non policing activities, and give full play to the media's guidance of public opinion. To use and maintain the authority of law enforcement; to improve the quality of the police and to enrich the grass-roots police force, in particular, we should increase the strength of education and training, improve the quality of the police, enrich the police force at the grass-roots level, optimize the allocation of police force, improve the material equipment and enhance the actual combat capability. In particular, the first is to improve the information facilities, the conditions of traffic equipment, the realization of the scientific and technological police, and the two increase in the police. The protection of the police weapons and weapons. For the protection of the right of the reputation of the police, we can start from the following aspects: first, to establish and improve the laws and regulations for the protection of the right of the police, two is to set up the right to protect the right of the people's police, the three is to improve the social law enforcement environment, and the four is to strengthen communication with the news media, five We will constantly improve the quality of the people's police.
At present, our country is in the emergence period of the contradictions among the people. The high incidence of criminal crime and the complex period of the struggle against the enemy, the public security organs take on more arduous and arduous tasks than before. Respect for the police is to respect the authority of the state; the protection of the police is to protect the people themselves, protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people's police and protect the people. The legal rights and interests of the law complement each other. Only by protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the people's police, can the legitimate rights and interests of the state, the collective and the people be protected, thus creating a good social environment for the construction of a harmonious society.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D631.1

【参考文献】