未成年人犯罪与人格特质、家庭教养方式以及同伴关系的相关研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 23:40

本文选题：未成年人犯罪 + 人格特质　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 未成年人犯罪一直是全球普遍关注的严重社会问题。未成年人是祖国的未来和希望,他们的健康成长关系祖国的未来和发展。随着未成年人犯罪低龄化趋势加剧、数量的大幅增长和手段的成人化,国内外的犯罪学家、社会学家、心理学家就未成年人犯罪的原因进行了理论研究和实证研究,研究发现：人格特质、家庭教养方式和同伴关系作为三个相关因素能分别影响未成年人犯罪；未成年人犯罪的家庭教养方式与人格特质存在交互作用；家庭教养方式影响同伴交往,从而导致犯罪。已有研究的局限在于,研究内容上没有考虑多因素的整合研究,研究方法上多是描述统计和简单相关分析。本研究试图在追踪前人研究的基础上,以问卷调查法和多元统计分析法为主要研究方法,按照分层随机抽样原则,以湖南省少管所257名未成年人罪犯为样本,对未成年人犯罪与人格特质、家庭教养方式和同伴关系三个因素的相关关系进行调查,以期揭示未成年人犯罪的规律,为预防未成年人犯罪、开展未成年人罪犯的教育提供相关的心理学依据。本研究的结果表明： 1.未成年人犯罪与人格特质的精神质维度成负相关,暴力犯的精神质高于非暴力犯的精神质；在进一步的分文化程度做比较中,相关有所差异。 2.未成年人犯罪与父亲的家庭教养方式的拒绝否认维度成负相关,非暴力犯的父亲拒绝否认多于暴力犯的父亲拒绝否认；未成年人犯罪与母亲的家庭教养方式的拒绝否认维度和惩罚严厉维度相关,非暴力犯的母亲拒绝否认和惩罚严厉多于暴力犯的母亲拒绝否认和惩罚严厉；在进一步的分文化程度做比较中,相关有所差异。 3.未成年人犯罪与同伴关系的情感维系度成正相关,暴力犯的情感维系度高于非暴力犯的情感维系度；在进一步的分文化程度做比较中,相关有所差异。 4.在人格特质、家庭教养方式和同伴关系相互作用影响未成年人犯罪的模型中,父亲的拒绝否认和母亲的拒绝否认影响未成年人犯非暴力罪；父亲的偏爱被试、拒绝否认、过分干涉、母亲的情感温暖理解、过干涉过保护通过人格的神经质维度影响未成年人犯暴力罪；母亲的情感温暖理解和过干涉过保护通过人格的掩饰性影响未成年人犯暴力罪；人格的内外向维度和精神质维度通过同伴关系的情感维系度影响未成年人犯暴力罪；母亲的偏爱被试通过同伴关系的情感维系度影响未成年人犯暴力罪；母亲的情感温暖理解影响人格的精神质维度,精神质维度影响同伴关系的情感维系度,从而情感维系度影响未成年人犯暴力罪。从本研究的结果看,改变不合理的家庭教养方式,关注同伴关系的交往和注重人格的培养是预防和矫治未成年人犯罪的有效措施。
[Abstract]:Juvenile delinquency has always been a serious social problem in the world. Minors are the future and hope of the motherland, their healthy growth is related to the future and development of the motherland. With the increasing trend of juvenile delinquency, the large increase in the number and the adult of means, criminologists, sociologists and psychologists at home and abroad have carried out theoretical and empirical research on the causes of juvenile delinquency. It is found that personality traits, family upbringing styles and peer relationships can affect juvenile delinquency respectively, and that there is interaction between family upbringing style and personality traits of juvenile delinquency. Family upbringing affects peer communication, leading to crime. The limitation of the existing research is that the content of the research does not consider the integration of multiple factors, and the research methods are mostly descriptive statistics and simple correlation analysis. On the basis of following up the previous studies, this study takes questionnaire survey and multivariate statistical analysis as the main research methods. According to the principle of stratified random sampling, 257 juvenile delinquents in Hunan Provincial Juvenile Penitentiary are taken as samples. To investigate the relationship between juvenile delinquency and personality traits, family upbringing style and peer relationship, in order to reveal the law of juvenile delinquency, and to prevent juvenile delinquency. Carry out the education of juvenile offenders to provide the relevant psychological basis. The results of this study indicate that: 1. Juvenile delinquency has a negative correlation with the dimension of personality traits, and the mental quality of violent offenders is higher than that of non-violent offenders. 2. Juvenile delinquency is negatively related to the dimension of refusal and denial of father's family upbringing, and the father of non-violent offender refuses to deny more than the father of violent offender. Juvenile delinquency is related to the denial dimension of mother's family rearing style and the dimension of severe punishment. The mother of non-violent offender refuses to deny and punish harsher than the mother of violent offender refuses to deny and punish harshly; In the further sub-cultural level of comparison, there are differences in the correlation. 3. Juvenile delinquency has a positive correlation with the emotional maintenance of peer relationship, and the emotional maintenance of violent offenders is higher than that of non-violent offenders. 4. In the model of the interaction among personality traits, family upbringing style and peer relationship, the father's refusal to deny and the mother's refusal to deny influence the minor to commit the crime of non-violence, the father's preference to the subjects, the refusal to deny, Excessive intervention, emotional warmth and understanding of the mother, protection of the influence of the personality through the neuroticism dimension of juvenile violence, emotional warmth understanding of the mother and the protection of the personality through the disguise of the influence of juvenile violence crime; The dimension of personality and the dimension of mental quality influence the crime of juvenile violence through the emotional maintenance degree of peer relationship, and the preference of mother affects the degree of emotional maintenance of peer relationship to influence the crime of violence committed by minors. The emotional warmth and understanding of the mother affect the mental dimension of personality and the dimension of mental quality affect the emotional maintenance degree of the peer relationship, thus affect the emotional maintenance degree of the minor committing the crime of violence. According to the results of this study, it is an effective measure to prevent and cure juvenile delinquency by changing unreasonable family upbringing style, paying attention to the communication of peer relationship and paying attention to the cultivation of personality.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：C913.5;B848

【引证文献】