论我国地级市的法律地位及改革目标

发布时间：2018-01-21 17:13

本文关键词： 地级市行政区划法律地位改革目标　出处：《河北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“地级市”这个称谓现在已经被我们广泛使用，其实在中国古代封建社会，地方行政区划中就逐渐产生了相当于目前地级市这样的行政层级，比如说明清时期的“府”、“州”（直隶州）就类似于现在的地级市。我国建国之初就明确规定地方行政区域划分为省（自治区、直辖市）、县（自治县）、乡（镇、民族乡）三级，地级市这个行政层级并不存在，但是由于我国幅员辽阔，省级行政区域数量较少，面积较大，管辖县级行政区域数量较多，后来设置一些“专区”（后改为“地区”）作为省级政府的派出机构，代为管理一些县级行政区域，以此来减轻省级政府的负担。“地市合并”之前，省级行政区域之下还管辖着大量的省辖市，这就形成了市区、地区并存的现象。自上个世纪八十年代开始，不少地方开始实行“地市合并”、“地改市”的措施，“地级市”这个介于省级和县级行政区域之间的行政层级由此形成。我国目前有地级行政区域300多个。改革开放以来，这些地级行政区域的中心城区有了很大的发展，在未来加快城市化建设的进程中，300多个地级行政区域的中心城区肩负着艰巨而又光荣的历史任务。地级市目前确实存在不少问题，包括法律方面的问题和行政管理方面的问题。现阶段，我国正在进行“省直管县”的改革和尝试，不少专家和学者主张中国未来应该取消地级市这个行政层级。理论上看这种主张对我国今后的发展十分有利，但是笔者持不同的观点。笔者认为，地级市的设置，从我国目前的实际情况来看还是很有必要的，，现在取消这个行政层级的条件还不成熟。当务之急，我们应该完善地级市的法律地位，在保留地级市的基础之上再对地级市的区划范围、运行模式等方面加以改革，这样对我国的社会稳定、经济发展、城市化进程都会有很大的促进作用。本文对地级市的概念、类型、历史沿革，地级市在现行法律中的地位，地级市目前存在的问题，“省直管县”对地级市的地位带来的冲击，保留地级市的必要性等方面进行了分析。在综合上述分析的基础之上，本文提出了完善地级市法律地位的途径及地级市的改革目标。
[Abstract]:The term "prefecture-level city" has been widely used by us now, in fact, in ancient Chinese feudal society, the local administrative division gradually produced the administrative hierarchy equivalent to the current prefecture-level city. For example, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the "prefectures" and "prefectures" (Zhili prefectures) were similar to the present prefecture-level cities. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was clearly stipulated that the local administrative regions were divided into provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government) and counties (autonomous counties). Township (town, nationality township) three levels, prefecture-level city this administrative level does not exist, but due to the vast territory of our country, the number of provincial administrative regions is small, the area is large, the number of administrative areas at the county level is more. Later, some "special areas" (later changed to "regions") were set up as provincial government agencies to manage some administrative districts at the county level in order to lighten the burden on provincial governments... before "prefectural and municipal consolidation". Provincial administrative areas also have jurisdiction over a large number of provinces and municipalities, which has formed the phenomenon of the coexistence of urban areas and regions. Since -20s, many localities have begun to implement "prefectural and municipal mergers". The "prefecture-level city", the administrative level between the provincial and county administrative regions, has been formed. At present, there are more than 300 prefecture-level administrative regions in our country, and since the reform and opening up to the outside world. The central district of these prefectural administrative regions has developed greatly. In the process of speeding up the construction of urbanization in the future, more than 300 central districts of prefectural administrative regions are shouldering arduous and glorious historical tasks. At present, there are many problems in prefecture-level cities, including legal problems and administrative problems. At this stage, China is carrying out the reform and attempt of "managing counties directly by province". Many experts and scholars advocate that China should abolish the administrative hierarchy of prefecture-level cities in the future. Theoretically, this view is very beneficial to the future development of our country, but the author holds different views. The establishment of prefecture-level cities is still very necessary from the current actual situation in our country, and the conditions for abolishing this administrative hierarchy are still immature. It is imperative that we should improve the legal status of prefecture-level cities. On the basis of retaining prefecture-level cities, we should reform the regionalization scope and operation mode of prefecture-level cities, which will be beneficial to the social stability and economic development of our country. Urbanization process will have a great role in promoting. This article on the concept of prefecture-level cities, types, historical evolution, the status of prefecture-level cities in the current law, the existing problems of prefecture-level cities. The impact on the status of prefecture-level cities and the necessity of retaining prefecture-level cities are analyzed. This paper puts forward the ways to perfect the legal status of prefectural cities and the reform objectives of prefectural cities.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D921;D926

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