我国商会调解制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-06 07:37

本文关键词： 商会调解法院调解司法确认联合调解　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,伴随着我国经济的快速发展,市场主体日益多元化,纷繁复杂的商事纠纷不计其数,给传统的诉讼纠纷解决机制带来了很大的挑战。在这样一个背景下,一种新型非诉纠纷解决机制正在快速发展——商会调解机制,它的优势十分明显,例如效率高,程序简便,成本低,更有利于纠纷当事人的长期经营合作。商会调解机制其实早在中国近代就已经产生并迅速发展,也取得了很好的社会效果。在国际上,许多发达国家也十分重视商会调解机制的研究和实践。目前,我国商会调解正处于初步发展阶段,社会公众认可度不高,商会调解的服务机会较法院调解、人民调解要少很多。地方商会的调解机制并不十分健全,缺乏统一的立法文件进行指导规范。基于目前商会调解的现状,笔者试图通过本文进行相对全面的研究我国商会调解机制的理论基础,包括商会调解概念的界定、商会调解的基本特征、商会调解的类型以及商会调解的现实意义。再采用历史追溯的方法研究中国古代民间调解的起源、中国近代商会调解的发展以及当代中国国际商会的发展,再通过比较分析的方法研究商会调解和法院调解、仲裁调解、人民调解之间的异同,通过比较找出商会调解机制的优势和不足。通过上面的研究分析后,重点阐述商会调解建设的一些重要问题,包括商会调解原则的确立和商会调解效力的问题,总结商会调解机制存在的缺陷,主要包括商会调解效力的不足、调解人员队伍不稳定,商会调解影响力不足,缺乏统一、规范的商会调解法律法规。最后针对上述缺陷,笔者试图提出一些可行性的改革意见。目前我国商会调解面临着一个重大的矛盾,就是我国商会调解应当具有的高效率、专业性的社会期待与需求同商会调解效力低之间的矛盾,这个矛盾能否妥善解决关系到商会调解机制功能的良好发挥,关系到市场秩序的和谐稳定,关系到非公有制经济的发展。所以在最后一部分详细的阐述了商会调解组织可以采取哪些措施来积极避免或者减少该矛盾的不利影响。一是以加强商会内部自治权的方式来强化商会调解效力,具体包括扩大商会影响力,提高商会监督作用;努力培养出专业化、高素质、稳定的调解组织;不断扩大商会调解成果,积极争取立法支持;积极探索发展互联网商会调解模式来强化商会调解效力。二是加强商会调解组织与司法机关的合作,建立完善的诉调衔接机制来加强商会调解的效力。具体包括商会调解+司法确认模式;诉前先行委托商会调解模式;诉讼中审判机关与商会调解联动模式。希望这些改革建议可以为我国商会调解机制的良好运作和功能发挥带来一些实践应用价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of our country's economy, the market main body is increasingly diversified, and the numerous and complicated commercial disputes have brought great challenges to the traditional litigation dispute resolution mechanism. A new type of non-litigation dispute resolution mechanism is developing rapidly-Chamber of Commerce mediation mechanism. Its advantages are obvious, such as high efficiency, simple procedure and low cost. It is more conducive to the long-term business cooperation of the parties to a dispute. In fact, the mediation mechanism of the Chamber of Commerce has already emerged and developed rapidly in China as early as in modern times, and has also achieved very good social results. In the international community, Many developed countries also attach great importance to the research and practice of the mediation mechanism of the Chamber of Commerce. At present, the mediation of the Chamber of Commerce in China is at a preliminary stage of development, and the social public is not highly recognized, and the service opportunities of the Chamber of Commerce mediation are better than those of the court mediation. People's mediation is much less. The mediation mechanism of local chambers of commerce is not very sound, and there is no uniform legislative document to guide them. Based on the current situation of chamber mediation, The author tries to make a relatively comprehensive study on the theoretical basis of the mediation mechanism of the Chamber of Commerce in China, including the definition of the Conception of the Chamber of Commerce, the basic characteristics of the mediation of the Chamber of Commerce. The types of Chamber of Commerce Mediation and the practical significance of Chamber of Commerce Mediation. Then the historical tracing method is used to study the origin of Chinese ancient folk mediation, the development of modern Chinese Chamber of Commerce mediation and the development of contemporary China International Chamber of Commerce. Then through comparative analysis, the paper studies the similarities and differences between Chamber of Commerce mediation and court mediation, arbitration mediation, people's mediation, and finds out the advantages and disadvantages of the chamber's mediation mechanism through comparison. After the above research and analysis, It focuses on some important issues in the mediation construction of the Chamber of Commerce, including the establishment of the mediation principles of the Chamber of Commerce and the effectiveness of the mediation of the Chamber of Commerce, and summarizes the shortcomings of the mediation mechanism of the Chamber of Commerce, including the insufficiency of the mediation effectiveness of the Chamber of Commerce. The contingent of mediators is unstable, the Chamber of Commerce does not have enough influence in mediation, there is no uniform and standardized chamber of commerce mediation laws and regulations. The author tries to put forward some feasible reform opinions. At present, the mediation of Chinese Chamber of Commerce is faced with a major contradiction, that is, the high efficiency of the mediation of China's Chamber of Commerce. The contradiction between professional social expectation and demand and the low mediation effectiveness of the Chamber of Commerce. Whether this contradiction can be properly resolved is related to the good performance of the mediation mechanism of the Chamber of Commerce and the harmony and stability of the market order. It is related to the development of the non-public ownership economy. Therefore, in the last part, it elaborates in detail what measures can be taken by the mediation organization of the chamber of commerce to actively avoid or reduce the adverse effects of this contradiction. The first is to strengthen the internal autonomy of the chamber of commerce. To strengthen the mediation effectiveness of the Chamber of Commerce, It includes expanding the influence of the Chamber of Commerce, enhancing the supervisory role of the Chamber of Commerce, working hard to cultivate professional, high-quality and stable mediation organizations, constantly expanding the mediation results of the Chamber of Commerce, and actively seeking legislative support; Actively exploring the development of the Internet Chamber of Commerce mediation model to enhance the effectiveness of the Chamber of Commerce mediation. Second, it is necessary to strengthen the cooperation between the Chamber of Commerce mediation organization and the judiciary. To strengthen the effectiveness of the Chamber of Commerce mediation, including the judicial confirmation model of the Chamber of Commerce mediation, the pre-litigation entrustment of the Chamber of Commerce mediation model; It is hoped that these reform proposals can bring some practical application value to the good operation and function of the mediation mechanism of Chinese Chamber of Commerce.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926

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