关于构建检察机关提起公益诉讼制度的思考

发布时间：2018-02-15 20:26

本文关键词： 检察机关公益诉讼介入方式路径选择　出处：《山东大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：检察机关以原告身份向法院提起公益诉讼已是当前世界各国立法的大势所趋,美国、英国、法国、德国、日本等国家分别建立了比较完善的检察机关提起公益诉讼制度。在我国市场经济转型过程中,出现了大量侵害国家利益和社会公共利益的案件,如国有资产流失案件、环境与自然资源的公害案件、垄断经营案件、不合理利用土地案件、破坏土地资源案件等公共性的违法侵害国家利益和社会公共利益的案件。但是,由于我国公益诉讼的原告制度在程序法上的缺失,致使对社会公共利益寻求司法保护的急迫社会需求与现行诉讼立法欠缺有关公益诉讼具体立法规定之间产生了矛盾。随着司法改革向纵深发展以及理论界扩张检察权、借鉴国外检察机关提起公益诉讼的立法例、加强我国检察机关民事公诉权的大声疾呼,检察机关提起公益诉讼已从司法实践进入了理论设计与制度设计的层面。对其进行深入系统的研究,构建一系列符合我国国情的检察机关提起公益诉讼的制度,以保护国家利益和社会公共利益不受侵犯,已经成为中国检察制度改革发展的方向之一。本文通过对检察机关提起公益诉讼制度的理念基础、域内外考察、路径选择等的分析与探讨,力图证明在我国构建检察机关提起公益诉讼制度具有客观可行性,并为在保障实现检察机关承担法律监督职能的前提下,如何使国外检察机关提起公益诉讼的立法经验能为我所用,提供一条可供借鉴的思路。笔者认为,可以在加强理论研究、推动公益诉讼的立法进程、在特定领域内进行司法实践等三个方面寻求突破以推进我国的公益诉讼建设。在具体的构建过程中,应该在诉讼主体、管辖范围、介入方式、举证责任、诉讼风险分配和实施细则等方面加以明确和细化。
[Abstract]:Public interest litigation filed by procuratorial organs as plaintiffs has become the general trend of legislation in various countries in the world. The United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Japan and other countries have respectively established relatively perfect procuratorial organs to institute public interest litigation systems. In the course of the transformation of our market economy, there have been a large number of cases of encroachment on national interests and social public interests, such as the case of the loss of state-owned assets. Environmental and natural resource pollution cases, monopoly cases, irrational use of land cases, and other public cases such as destroying land resources, which violate the interests of the state and the public. However, Due to the absence of the plaintiff system in the procedural law of public interest litigation in our country, As a result, there is a contradiction between the urgent social need to seek judicial protection for the social public interest and the lack of specific legislative provisions on public interest litigation in the current litigation legislation. With the deepening development of the judicial reform and the expansion of procuratorial power in the theoretical circle, Drawing on the legislative examples of public interest litigation filed by foreign procuratorial organs, strengthening the voice of the procuratorial organs' civil public prosecution right in our country, Public interest litigation has been initiated by procuratorial organs from judicial practice to the level of theoretical design and system design. It has been studied deeply and systematically, and a series of systems of public interest litigation filed by procuratorial organs in accordance with the national conditions of our country have been constructed. It has become one of the directions of the reform and development of China's procuratorial system to protect the national interests and the public interests from encroachment. Through the analysis and discussion of path selection, this paper tries to prove the objective feasibility of constructing the public interest litigation system of procuratorial organs in our country, and in order to ensure the procuratorial organs to assume the function of legal supervision. How to make the legislative experience of public interest litigation brought by foreign procuratorial organs be used by us and provide a way of thinking for reference? the author thinks that we can strengthen the theoretical research and promote the legislative process of public interest litigation. In order to promote the construction of public interest litigation in our country, we should make a breakthrough in the three aspects of judicial practice in a specific field. In the concrete construction process, we should have the main body of litigation, the scope of jurisdiction, the way of intervention, the burden of proof, and so on. Litigation risk allocation and implementation of detailed rules and other aspects to be clear and detailed.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.3

【引证文献】