浅论我国民事执行检察监督的法律机制

发布时间：2018-02-15 20:45

本文关键词： 民事执行检察监督监督权规范　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前我国民事执行活动中的“执行难”、“执行乱”问题难以有效解决,严重影响到社会的和谐稳定。检察机关的执行监督缺位是其中重要原因之一。但是,由于立法活动自身的滞后性,规范和调整民事执行检察监督的法律法规实际上处于缺位状态,这成为当前和今后严重制约检察机关加强民事执行监督工作的一个迫待解决的问题。通过认真调查,当前存在的监督方式主要有人民法院系统内部的监督、人民法院主动邀请人大或政协委员现场监督、选聘执行联络员、廉政监督员和人民陪审员对执行案件实行监督、媒体及社会舆论的监督、检察机关的监督、执行案件当事人申请监督执行案件这六种方式,这几种方式都不能有效遏制“执行难”、“执行乱”现象。特别是我国关于民事执行检察监督的法律规定仅是《宪法》第129条规定和《民事诉讼法》第14条、235条的规定,这凸显了民事执行检察监督立法的滞后和缺位问题。随着我国法制建设的推进,普法工作的深入开展,越来越多的学者和有识之士认识到了检察机关民事执行检察监督工作的重要性,通过强化检察机关这种外部监督制约机制能有效地根治人民法院的“执行难、执行乱”痼疾,为进一步加强民事执行检察监督,维护执行各方当事人的合法权益,进而维护司法公正,立法机关及相关部门应当在立足我国国情和政治司法体制的前提下,参考国外有益做法,总结本国实践经验,完善我国民事执行检察监督的法律机制。民事执行检察监督的机制完善需要从以下几个方面展开,一是明确民事执行检察监督的原则,既依法监督原则、不干预正常执行活动的原则、同级监督原则、以当事人申诉为主导以检察机关启动为补充的原则；二是要明确监督的范围和程序,具体是明确执行监督的管辖、执行程序的启动、检察机关在审查执行案件中的程序性规定、人民法院对执行案件的审理程序和执行监督的期限、各种监督的方式(抗诉、检察建议、纠正违法通知书、现场监督、执行异议、说明执行理由及执行依据、查办执行人员职务违法及犯罪等)和配套机制建设包括赋予检察机关调查取证权、检法双方的配合机制、对抗诉案件的再审监督权、与其他部门的协作配合机制等)。
[Abstract]:China's current civil activities in the implementation of "difficult execution", "implementation of chaos" difficult to effectively solve the problem, seriously affect social harmony and stability. The procuratorial organs lack of supervision is one of the important reasons. However, due to the lag of legislative activity, regulate and adjust the civil procuratorial supervision in the implementation of laws and regulations in the absence of state, which has become the current and future work to strengthen the supervision of procuratorial organs seriously restrict the civil enforcement of a urgent problem. Through careful investigation, supervision at present the people's court supervision department of the people's Court of the main, the initiative to invite NPC and CPPCC members on-site supervision, hiring executive officer, independent supervisor and people's assessors shall supervise the implementation of the case, the media and public opinion supervision, procuratorial supervision, supervision and implementation of enforcement cases for the party The six cases, these methods can not effectively curb the "difficult execution", "implementation of chaos" phenomenon. Especially in the implementation of the law on civil prosecutorial supervision is only 129th and the provisions of the constitution > < < > fourteenth of the civil procedure law, the provisions of article 235, which highlights the procuratorial supervision legislation the lag and absence of civil execution. With China's legal construction, legal work carried out, more and more scholars have realized the importance of a person with breadth of vision and the prosecution of civil procuratorial supervision work, to strengthen supervision and restraint mechanisms through the implementation of the external procuratorial organs can effectively cure the people's court, "implementation of chaos" chronic illness, in order to further strengthen the procuratorial supervision of civil execution, execution of maintenance of lawful rights and interests of the parties and the interests of justice, the legislature and the relevant departments should be based on the national conditions of our country and The premise of political and judicial system, with reference to foreign beneficial practice, summing up their experience, improve the legal mechanism of procuratorial supervision of civil execution in our country. Civil execution procuratorial mechanism to improve from the following aspects, one is clearly the procuratorial supervision of civil execution principle, both in accordance with the principle of supervision, does not interfere with the normal execution of principle at the same level, the principles of supervision and to appeal for leading to the procuratorial organs start to complement the principle; two is to clarify the scope of supervision and oversight of the implementation of specific procedures, is clear the jurisdiction, the execution of the program started, the procuratorial organs in the examination and implementation of procedural provisions in the case, the people's court for trial procedures and execution supervision of execution the case of the various supervision way (protest, prosecutors recommended, to correct the violation notice, on-site supervision, objection, implementation and execution by the physical basis, check Office of the executive staff and illegal crime etc.) and supporting mechanism of the construction of procuratorial organs including the right of investigation, with the method of mechanism between the two sides, the right of supervision of retrial protest cases, in collaboration with other departments of the coordination mechanism).

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.18;D926.3

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