检察机关自侦案件逮捕决定权制约机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 07:08

本文选题：逮捕决定权　切入点：上提一级　出处：《浙江工商大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：逮捕是刑事诉讼程序中最为严厉的一项强制措施。强制措施的意义在于保证刑事诉讼程序的顺利进行,而在司法实践中,往往将其作为一种限制人身的惩罚措施,甚至于出现“以捕代侦”的现象。我国刑事诉讼法任务是打击犯罪和保障人权,但是刑事诉讼法在适用过程中,却出现了理论和实践的脱节，在逮捕权行使的价值取向上出现了不平衡,甚至于逮捕权的行使对人权造成了侵犯,所以我国对于逮捕这一强制措施应当进行限制,本文研究检察机关在自侦案件进行侦查过程中,对自侦案件逮捕决定权的制约机制,并在研究的基础上提出优化设想。对于一项机制的研究,应当包括理论研究和实证研究。本文的理论研究是指通过调查文献来获得资料,在对资料进行分析研究之后,提出检察机关逮捕决定权制约机制的概念。在这一基础上进行不断加工、完善,最终形成对逮捕决定权制约机制的完整的概述。实证研究是通过对实践数据的实证研究,对作为制约机制核心程序的逮捕决定权上提一级的各种数据进行比较,获得逮捕决定权上提一级的实践绩效。但是上提一级不同于制约机制,上提一级后的程序只是制约机制的审查程序,并不构成完整的制约机制,还应当在审查程序的基础上,加入监督程序和救济程序。这些完整的程序构成自适应的制约机制,通过一系列的程序,对逮捕决定权行使过程中的问题自动作出反应。在进行上述理论研究和实证研究的基础上,全面地了解掌握逮捕决定权的权力配置、逮捕决定权的制约机制以及制约机制存在的问题。本文从逮捕决定权的概念和权力配置、制约机制的释义以及各类传统制约机制的介绍、自侦案件逮捕决定权制约机制的构建、制约机制的配套制度——救济机制以及保障制约机制运作的完善五个部分对检察机关逮捕决定权制约机制的研究。一、逮捕决定权的概念和权力配置逮捕决定权的概念根据我国《刑事诉讼法》第132条的规定,指的足“人民检察院直接接受理的案件中符合本法第六十条、第六十一条第四项、第五项规定情形,需要逮捕、拘留犯罪嫌疑人的,由人民检察院作出决定,由公安机关执行。”这一法律规定是对逮捕决定权的完整释义。而我国与多数西方国家不同,将逮捕决定权的权力配置于人民检察院。二、制约机制的释义以及各类传统制约机制的介绍逮捕决定权制约机制就是逮捕权系统中,自侦案件逮捕权的一个基础机制。它是通过时序组合在一起的,逮捕决定权行使和制约的过程,即通过逮捕决定权的行使主体对逮捕的对象进行合法性的审查,并且在这一过程中对逮捕决定权行使主体的行为以及权力行使产生的结果进行制约,将这些行为通过自适应的法律程序组合在一起所形成的机制,就是逮捕决定权的制约机制。三、自侦案件逮捕决定权制约机制的构建制约机制称为一个完整的机制,应当有主体、对象、制约程序机制、监督机制。自侦案件逮捕决定权上提一级是一个契机,虽然其本身并不完善,但是却为构成逮捕决定权制约机制的核心程序。通过机制本身的一系列程序,对逮捕决定权进行制约,并且如果在制约过程中出现了违法行为,制约机制本身便会通过程序自主进行修复和调节。四、制约机制的配套制度——救济机制救济机制平行于制约机制,应当是制约机制的有力保障。救济机制是制约机制的配套制度,其存在的意义在于,救济机制不仅为人民检察院提供了逮捕决定权错误行使,自我修正的机会,也为犯罪嫌疑人提供了行使自己在侦查活动中所一直被忽视的诉讼权利的机会。五、保障制约机制运作的完善为了保障制约机制运作的顺畅,需要进行审查程序的完善,提高效率,达到制约的效果；还需要对制约机制的救济机制进行优化,完善人民监督员的制度,在不改变现有的诉讼体系的前提下,最大程度实现保障人权。
[Abstract]:Arrest is the most severe coercive measure in criminal proceedings. The significance of coercive measures is to ensure the smooth progress of criminal proceedings. In judicial practice, it often regards it as a punishment measure to restrict human beings, or even a phenomenon of "catching up for investigation".
The task of China's criminal procedure law is to combat crime and protect human rights, but the criminal procedure law in the application process, but between theory and practice, there is an imbalance in the value orientation of the exercise of the right of arrest, arrest or even in the exercise of the right of human rights violations, which in our country for the compulsory measure of arrest should be restricted, the procuratorial organs in the investigation process, the self investigation case arrested the power restriction mechanism, and the study on the basis of the idea of optimization.
For a mechanism research, should include theoretical research and empirical research. The theoretical research is to through the investigation documents to obtain information, after analysing the data, put forward the concept of the procuratorial organs to arrest the decision restriction mechanism is not perfect. Fault processing, on this basis, eventually forming a complete overview the restriction mechanism to arrest. The empirical study is based on practical data of empirical studies, comparison of various data provided a restriction mechanism as the core program of arrest decision, obtain the arrest decision to put one on the practice of performance. But put on a level different from the restriction mechanism, put on a after the program is just the restriction mechanism of the review process, does not constitute a complete restriction mechanism, should also be in on the basis of review procedures, to monitor and relief procedures. These procedures constitute a complete Adaptive restriction mechanism, through a series of procedures, automatic response to exercise problems during the arrest decision. Based on the above theoretical research and empirical research, comprehensively understand the arrest of the power configuration, existence of arrest decision restricting mechanism and restriction mechanism.
This article from the arrest decision concept and power allocation, restriction mechanism and all kinds of definitions of traditional restriction mechanism, construction of Zizhen case arrest decision restriction mechanism, the five part of the procuratorial organs to arrest the decision restriction mechanism perfect restriction mechanism supporting system, operation mechanism and security control mechanism of the relief.
First, the concept of the right to arrest and the allocation of power
The concept of the right of arrest decision according to the provisions of the criminal procedure law of our country < > 132nd, refers to the "people's Procuratorate case directly accepted in accordance with the law sixtieth, sixty-first fourth, fifth provisions, to arrest, detention of criminal suspects, decided by the people's Procuratorate made, executed by the public security organ. This law is a complete explanation of the arrest decision. But our country and most western countries are different, the arrest of the power configuration in the people's Procuratorate.
Two, the interpretation of the restrictive mechanism and the introduction of various traditional restrictive mechanisms
The arrest restriction mechanism is arrested right system, a basic mechanism of self investigation cases of the right of arrest. It is through the timing together, to arrest the exercise of the right to decide and control, through the subject of arrest decision of the legality of the review of arrest of the object, and the main exercise in this in the process of arrest decision behavior and the result of the exercise of power restriction, the adaptive behavior through legal procedures together by the formation of the mechanism, restriction mechanism is the arrest decision.
Three, the construction of the restriction mechanism of the decision to arrest the case of self detection
Restrict a mechanism called a complete mechanism, there should be a subject, object, procedure control mechanism, supervision mechanism. Zizhen case arrest decision put on a level is an opportunity, although its itself is not perfect, but to constitute the core procedure of arrest decision restriction mechanism. Through a series of procedural mechanism itself the arrest of the decision to restrict, and if the restriction appeared in the process of the illegal behavior, restriction mechanism itself will be through the program independent repair and adjustment.
Four, the supporting system of the restrictive mechanism -- relief mechanism
Parallel to the relief mechanism and restriction mechanism, should be a guarantee of restriction mechanism. The relief mechanism is the restriction mechanism supporting system, the existing significance lies in the relief mechanism not only provides the arrest decision error exercise for the people's Procuratorate, self correction opportunities, but also provides exercise yourself in investigation activities have been neglected litigation the right opportunity for criminal suspects.
Five, to guarantee the perfection of the operation of the restrictive mechanism
In order to ensure the smooth operation of the restriction mechanism, perfect, the need for the review process to improve efficiency, achieve the effect of restricted; also need relief mechanism to optimize the control mechanism, improve the people's supervisor system, in the premise of not changing the existing litigation system, the degree of realization of the protection of human rights.

【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D925.2;D926.3

【参考文献】