论民国律师公会的公法人性质

发布时间：2018-03-14 05:39

本文选题：律师公会　切入点：公法人　出处：《湖北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2013年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：清末以来,中国法律制度主要移植、模仿德日大陆法系,德日大陆法系实行公法人制度,其目的在于依法行政、保障私权安全,制约公权力扩张,而且将包括律师公会在内的民间团体赋予行政职能,实行公法人化,在国家合法性监督下,自负其责地执行特定公共行政任务。受其影响,近代国家对律师公会进行了一定程度上的公法人性质建构,赋予一定的行政职能,在国家合法性监督下实行自治行政。但由于该制度超前且不合时宜,而且没有明确规定律师公会的公法人性质,导致其在实践中无法厘清政府管理与行业自治的权力边界。为因应南京国民政府的"党国体制"与"战时体制",国家对律师公会行政授权后的"合法性监督"在实践中逐渐被"超法控制"所取代,律师公会的公法人性质逐渐弱化。
[Abstract]:Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, China's legal system has been mainly transplanted, imitating the German and Japanese civil law systems, and implementing the public legal person system in order to administer according to law, to ensure the security of private rights and to restrict the expansion of public power. In addition, civil society, including the Bar Association, is entrusted with administrative functions and is made public and legalized, and under the supervision of the legitimacy of the State, it is responsible for carrying out certain public administration tasks... affected by it. In modern times, the law association was constructed as a public legal person to a certain extent, with certain administrative functions and autonomous administration under the supervision of state legitimacy. However, the system was advanced and out of date. Moreover, the nature of the Bar Association as a public legal person is not clearly defined, As a result, it is unable to clarify the power boundary between government management and industry autonomy in practice. In order to respond to the "Party and State system" and "wartime system" of the Nanjing National Government, the state supervises the legitimacy of the Bar Association after administrative authorization. In practice is gradually replaced by "super control", The public legal person nature of the Bar Association has gradually weakened.
【作者单位】：湖北大学近代司法研究中心;
【基金】：教育部规划基金一般资助项目:09YJA770014 国家社会科学基金资助项目:11BZS043
【分类号】：D929;D926.5

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