我国监狱的危机管理体系研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 15:23

本文选题：监狱　切入点：危机管理　出处：《上海交通大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类社会进入21世纪,受金融危机、恐怖主义的影响,社会活动发生重大变化,国际国内形势更加复杂多变。与之相对应,当前犯罪现象日趋多样化、智能化、国际化,监狱工作面临的形势更加复杂多变,这对监狱系统的安全稳定提出了更新更高的要求。随着我国经济、社会的进步,我国监狱系统在惩罚和改造罪犯工作中取得了举世瞩目的成就,监狱的建设不断取得进步,然而监狱危机却并没有因为我国监狱系统的不断发展而消失,呼和浩特第二监狱暴动越狱案等一系列危机时刻提醒我们,监狱系统的安全稳定关系着国家的长治久安,关系到社会的和谐。监狱危机管理能力的高低已经成为衡量我国监狱管理水平的一项重要指标,开展监狱危机管理体系的研究对于促进我国监狱系统的安全稳定,丰富我国监狱系统理论研究具有十分重要的现实意义和理论价值。本文从分析监狱危机与危机管理的概念性问题入手,选取了“4R模型”、“五阶段模型”及“RHED”理论分别作为本文所论述的监狱危机管理的理论基础与主要体系。运用比较分析法,通过分析美国在监狱危机管理方面的经验及不足进行比较分析,进而引出监狱危机管理体系存在重心前移、决策层由大而全转向小而精、常态化三个监狱危机管理体系发展趋势。本文通过对呼和浩特第二监狱“10.17”暴动越狱案的反思以及并运用半结构性访谈法进行的实证调查和分析,认为当前我国监狱危机管理存在着理念落后、缺乏法律和制度保障、缺乏常态化、运转有效的领导和执行机构、与普通大众信息沟通的深度与广度不够等问题,这些问题的存在制约着我国监狱危机管理的发展。而半结构性访谈研究表明:目前有很多监狱人民警察将监狱危机管理与突发事件的应对对等的现象,对于危机管理的理论学习上主动性不高,特别是从事基层工作的干警主动性更不高。对于监狱危机管理体系的构建已经形成了比较好的想法,但这些想法大部分只是局部性的、分散的。建立监狱系统危机管理体系需要强大的人力、财力做后盾。可喜的是,监狱危机管理理论被越来越多的监狱人民警察接受。这也印证了当前我国监狱危机管理体系存在的问题是客观存在的。根据“4R模型”以及“RHED理论”,本文认为为当前我国监狱危机管理体系就是缩减阶段、预备阶段、反应阶段和恢复阶段的整合。监狱系统在缩减阶段主要从危机管理制度的制定和危机意识的增强等方面进行危机管理,将危机发生的概率降至最低,在预备阶段主要是进行危机控制,监狱系统应该侧重建立预警信息系统、决策核心、执行机构、危机管理预案等基础设施,当然这些基础设施的建立离不开强大的人力和财力支持,因此,确保监狱危机管理的物质基础和监狱人民警察危机管理培训制度也是十分重要的。当监狱危机的发生不可避免时,监狱危机管理体系就进入反应阶段,在此阶段的主要工作是进行危机处置。监狱系统在此阶段主要从建立和完善新闻发言人制度及快速反应机制入手,对监狱危机进行有效的处置。对监狱危机处置完毕后,监狱危机管理体系进入恢复阶段,也就是进行危机善后。通过成立专家委员会对监狱危机管理的缩减、预备、反应三个阶段进行总结和学习,如果存在监狱人民警察渎职、玩忽职守等现象,必须进行责任追究。
[Abstract]:The human society entered the twenty-first Century, by the financial crisis, the impact of terrorism, social activities and major changes in the international and domestic situation is more complicated. Correspondingly, the phenomenon of crime is becoming more diverse, intelligent, internationalization, the prison situation facing more complex and changeable, put forward higher requirements on the prison system security and stability. Along with our country economy, social progress, China's prison system has made remarkable achievements in the punishment and reform of criminals in prison construction progress, however, the prison crisis is not because of the continuous development of China's prison system disappeared, Hohhot second prison riot escape case and a series of crisis remind us that the security and stability of the prison system in relation to the country's long period of stability, related to social harmony. The capacity of jail crisis management has become An important index to measure the management level of our prisons is to carry out the research of prison crisis management system, which is of great practical significance and theoretical value for promoting the safety and stability of our prison system and enriching the theoretical research of our prison system.
The conception of the prison crisis and crisis management, select the "4R model", "five stage model" and "RHED" theory as the theoretical basis and system were mainly of jail crisis management discussed in this paper. By using the comparative analysis method, comparative analysis by analyzing the experience and deficiency in the prison crisis management the United States, which leads to the prison crisis management system is to move the focus of decision-making turned into small and fine, the normalization of the three development of the prison crisis management system.
Through empirical investigation and Analysis on the "10.17" Hohhot second prison riot escape case and using a semi-structured interview method, that the current prison crisis management of our country exists behind the idea, the lack of legal and institutional guarantee, lack of normal operation, effective leadership and execution mechanism, and the depth and breadth the general public information communication is not enough, these problems are restricting the development of China's prison crisis management. The research of semi-structured interviews indicates that there are a lot of prison police jail crisis management and emergency response equivalence for the theory of crisis management learning initiative is not high, especially not the high officers engaged in grass-roots work initiative. For the construction of the prison crisis management system has formed a good idea, but most of these ideas is the only local The establishment of crisis management system. The decentralized prison system needs a strong human, financial backing. Fortunately, the theory of crisis management of prison prison police more and more acceptable. It also confirms the existence of the prison crisis management system in China is the objective existence.
According to the "4R model" and "RHED theory", this paper thinks that for our current prison crisis management system is the reduction stage, the integration stage of the preparation stage, the reaction stage and the recovery stage.
The prison system in the reduction phase mainly from the development of crisis management system and crisis awareness of crisis management, the probability of crisis to a minimum, in the run-up to the crisis is the main control, the prison system should focus on the establishment of early warning information system, decision-making core, executive mechanism, crisis management plans and other infrastructure, of course the establishment of these infrastructure cannot do without the strong support of human and financial resources, therefore, to ensure the system foundation and prison police crisis management training prison crisis management is very important. When the prison crisis is inevitable, the prison crisis management system into the reaction stage, the main work in this stage is dealing with the crisis. The prison system at this stage mainly from the establishment and perfection of the news spokesman system and rapid reaction mechanism, the effective of the prison crisis The disposal of the prison. After dealing with the crisis, the prison crisis management system into the recovery stage, also is the crisis. Through the establishment of the Committee of experts on the prison crisis management, reduction, preparation, reaction of three phases and learning, if there exists a prison police malfeasance, dereliction of duty and other phenomena, must be accountability.

【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.7

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