推翻先例、追溯性造法与法治

发布时间：2018-03-25 16:35

  本文选题：推翻先例　切入点：追溯性造法　出处：《东方法学》2017年03期

【摘要】：普通法的法官推翻先例或缺乏法律参考时会进行追溯性造法,这在普通法传统中是一种常见现象,并且也在学理上得到了支持。更为重要的是,追溯性造法虽然兼具立法和司法的双重属性,但这种造法行为却不会构成权力专断,因为先例制度中的诸多因素对其构成了制约。如果法治的宗旨是防止权力专断,那么追溯性造法显然不会与法治相悖,因为它无法任性或专断地运用权力。随着"案例指导制度"在中国司法实践中的广泛应用,普通法中推翻先例引发的追溯性造法问题也会在中国以新的面目出现,那么对普通法中相关问题的讨论,也许能为我们提供些许启发,从而有助于推进我国的法治建设。
[Abstract]:A common law judge who overturns precedents or lacks legal reference makes law retroactively, which is a common phenomenon in the common law tradition and is also supported in theory. More importantly, Although retroactive law has the dual attribute of legislation and judicature, it does not constitute power arbitrariness because many factors in precedent system restrict it. If the purpose of the rule of law is to prevent power arbitrariness, Then it is clear that the retroactive law will not contradict the rule of law, because it cannot exercise power willfully or arbitrarily. With the widespread application of the "case guidance system" in judicial practice in China, The problem of retroactive law-making caused by overturning precedents in common law will also appear in China. Therefore, the discussion of relevant issues in common law may provide us with some inspiration and help to promote the construction of the rule of law in our country.
【作者单位】： 西北政法大学行政法学院;
【分类号】：D916.2
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本文编号：1664005