主审法官责任制构建之二维展开

发布时间：2018-03-27 18:03

本文选题：审判分离　切入点：主审法官　出处：《东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：中国的《宪法》及相关法律并未明确规定法官个体的独立地位,法院内部对审判权行使的行政化干预时有发生。独任法官或合议庭应当执行审判委员会的决定,法院行政管理者也可以假借裁判文书审批的权力左右裁判结果。司法实践中产生了审判权限分离以及附带的责任主体模糊的问题。主审法官责任制改革旨在打造"让审理者裁判"的权力运行架构以及"由裁判者负责"的责任承担机制。主审法官责任制的构建可以从赋权与明责两个维度加以展开:其一是赋予主审法官行使从主持庭审、作出裁判直至签发裁判文书的完整的裁判权力。主审法官与审判委员会、合议庭其他成员之间的关系面临重塑。其二是明确主审法官违法审判应当承担的责任范围、形式以及追责主体。法官惩戒免职权的配置应遵循司法规律、司法原理的要求,重点解决权限内部化问题。在法官群体中选拔精英担任主审法官只是特定时期的权宜之计,最终目标应该定位于法官走向精英化并赋予所有法官相同而完整的审判权。
[Abstract]:The Constitution and related laws of China do not clearly stipulate the independent status of the individual judges, and the administrative interference in the exercise of judicial power within the courts occurs from time to time. The single judge or the collegial panel shall implement the decisions of the judicial committee. The administrative manager of the court can also use the power of examining and approving the judgment document to influence the result of the judgment. In judicial practice, the separation of the jurisdiction of the trial and the ambiguity of the subject of the responsibility attached to it have arisen. The reform of the responsibility system of the presiding judge aims to create. The power structure of "let the adjudicator judge" and the responsibility bearing mechanism of "the referee responsible". The construction of the responsibility system of the presiding judge can be carried out from the two dimensions of empowerment and clear responsibility: one is to empower the presiding judge to exercise the responsibility of presiding over the trial, the other is to empower the presiding judge to exercise the responsibility of presiding over the trial. The relationship between the presiding judge and the trial committee and other members of the collegial panel is being reshaped. The other is to clarify the scope of responsibility that the presiding judge should bear in the illegal trial. The disposition of judge's power of punishment and exemption should follow the law of judicature, the request of judicial principle, and the emphasis on solving the problem of internalization of jurisdiction. It is only an expedient measure to select the elite judge as presiding judge in the group of judges. The ultimate goal should be to judge to be elite and give all judges the same and complete jurisdiction.
【作者单位】：九江学院政法学院;
【基金】：2015年度江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目“主审法官责任制实证研究”(项目编号FX1522)成果之一
【分类号】：D926.2

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