司法裁决的后果主义价值取向研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 12:22

本文选题：司法裁决 + 后果主义　；参考：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文从轰动一时的“许霆案”谈起,“许霆案”二审法院将一审判决的无期徒刑改判为有期徒刑五年,表象上这是两审法院司法技术与司法风格的迥异,而实质上则是司法裁决价值取向的深层律动,“许霆案”是司法裁决后果主义范式的一个典型。本文在界定后果主义涵义的基础上,对“身份关系”语境下的“后果主义价值取向”与中国传统法律文化的融合进行历史的反思,并对后果主义价值取向在当代社会司法实践中的作用进行实证分析。本文采取比较分析和实证分析的方法得出结论,要想突破传统后果主义的困境,就要同时实现司法裁决的“技术性”与“伦理性”诉求,达到法律效果与社会效果的良性互动,即实现审慎的后果主义价值取向,进而在当代中国民生关怀的背景下,以后果主义价值取向为视角,对现有的司法功能进行反思。本文共分为七个部分：第一部分为引言,主要对司法裁决的后果主义价值取向进行总体上的概述,提出本文的写作背景和学术意义。第二部分,后果主义的基本理论研究。首先,对后果主义的范畴界定进行了阐述,将后果主义视为功利主义的量化与现实化,将行为后果作为衡量行为在道德、伦理上善恶的标准。其次,对司法裁决价值取向进行后果主义解析,后果主义价值取向是司法裁决迈向回应型法的积极诉求,因此,司法裁决的后果主义价值取向并非存在是非之别,只有适度之分。第三部分,对“身份关系”语境下的后果主义价值取向进行历史的反思。西方社会和中国古代社会有着不同的文明发展路径,在西方社会渐渐走向信仰法治道路的同时,儒家学说在中国封建社会中依然占据着主要地位,中国传统的正义观是当代司法裁决后果主义价值取向的历史文化基础。第四部分,对中国司法裁决价值取向进行实证分析。以基层法院为考量对象来探求中国当代社会司法裁决的价值取向,并得出结论“中国基层法院司法裁决采取后果主义价值取向。”然而,单纯的以司法裁决在社会上引发的后果作为评价判决是否公平正义的标准,会导致后果主义价值取向陷入困境。第五部分,寻求司法裁决的“技术性”与“伦理性”之间的契合,实现审慎的后果主义价值取向。要想突破后果主义的中国困境,就应提出关于程序正义和后果主义的适用于所有现代文明社会的最低限度要求,寻求判决的技术性和伦理性之间的契合,在法律之内寻求社会效果,即实现审慎的后果主义价值取向。第六部分,以审慎的后果主义价值取向为视角,对现有的司法功能进行反思。在后果主义价值取向视角下对司法功能进行反思,致力于发展回应型法,使判决的法律效果和社会效果得到统一,真正发挥司法维护社会秩序和促进社会和谐的作用。第七部分为结论。司法裁决并非都要体现后果主义价值取向,仅有在疑难案件中,将后果(社会效果)提前介入裁决进程才具有必要性。
[Abstract]:On the basis of defining the meaning of consequence , this article reflects the historical reflection on the " consequence value orientation " in the context of " identity relation " and the integration of traditional Chinese legal culture , and makes an empirical analysis on the role of consequence doctrine value orientation in contemporary social justice practice .

Based on the comparative analysis and the empirical analysis , this paper concludes that to break through the dilemma of traditional sequentialism , it is necessary to realize the " technical " and " ethical " demands of judicial decision at the same time , to achieve the benign interaction between legal effect and social effect , that is , to realize the value orientation of prudent consequence doctrine , and to reflect on the existing judicial function in the context of contemporary China ' s livelihood concern .

This article is divided into seven parts :

The first part is divided into three parts : introduction , the general overview of the value orientation of the consequences of judicial decisions , and puts forward the background and academic significance of this article .

The second part , the basic theoretical study of the sequentialism . First , the definition of the category of consequence doctrine is expounded , and the consequence doctrine is regarded as the quantification and reality of the utility , and the consequence of the behavior is regarded as the criterion of the moral and ethical good and evil . Secondly , the value orientation of the judicial decision is analyzed , and the consequence doctrine value orientation is the positive appeal of the judicial decision to the response type law . Therefore , the value orientation of the consequence doctrine of judicial decision is not the right or wrong , only modest .

The third part reflects the historical reflection of the consequence doctrine value orientation in the context of " identity relation " . The western society and the Chinese ancient society have different civilizations development path . At the same time , the Confucian doctrine still occupies the dominant position in the feudal society in China . The traditional view of justice in China is the historical and cultural basis of the value orientation of the consequence of contemporary judicial decision .

In the fourth part , an empirical analysis of the value orientation of Chinese judicial decisions is carried out . The value orientation of Chinese contemporary social justice decisions is determined by the grass - roots courts , and the conclusion is that the judicial decisions of the Chinese grass - roots courts are oriented .

The fifth part , seeking judicial decision " technical " and " ethical " , realizes the prudent consequence doctrine value orientation . To break through the Chinese predicament of sequentialism , we should put forward the minimum requirement of procedural justice and sequentialism applicable to all modern civil society , and seek social effect within the law , that is , to realize the value orientation of prudence .

The sixth part , based on the value orientation of the prudent consequence , reflects on the existing judicial function . In the view of the value orientation of the consequence , the judicial function is reflected , and it is devoted to the development of the response method . The legal effect and the social effect of the judgement are unified . The function of the judicial maintenance of social order and the promotion of social harmony is truly exerted .

In the seventh part , the conclusion is that judicial decisions do not reflect the value orientation of consequence doctrine , only in difficult cases , it is necessary to intervene in the decision process ahead of consequence ( social effect ) .

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926

【参考文献】