论我国陪审制度的改革与完善

发布时间：2018-05-25 21:42

本文选题：陪审制度 + 人民陪审制度　；参考：《中国政法大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：陪审制度是西方国家一项颇具特色的法律制度,它“起源于古代奴隶制国家的雅典和罗马,被扼于封建专制社会,称颂于资产阶级革命时期,盛行于英美等资本主义国家,仿效于世界各国,亦实行于前苏联、东欧一些国家,并移植于我国。”陪审制度所彰显的维护人民主权、促进司法公正、保障正当程序等价值,使得西方各国的资产阶级在取得革命胜利并建立国家政权后,不约而同地在其宪法或基本的法律文件中明文规定了陪审制度。但是到现在,陪审制度在各国的命运又不尽相同,有的国家不断发展和完善该制度并成为其他各国相继效仿的对象;有的国家的陪审制度适用则呈缩小的趋势。陪审制度有两种类型:一种主要适用于英美法系国家,如英国、美国等,另一种主要适用于大陆法系国家,如法国、德国等,二者有一定的差别。我国现行的人民陪审员制度,是在借鉴原苏联司法经验的基础上并结合我国具体司法实践逐步形成的,其发展经历了几起几落。由于我国陪审制度在司法实践中的运行效果不尽如人意,所以在我国学术界对该制度存在着“存废之争”。但笔者认为之所以会出现这种现象,是由我国的陪审在立法及制度方面的不完善造成的,并不能因此而简单地否定人民陪审制度。笔者文章正文分为四个部分,其写作思路与内容大致如下:文章第一部分主要介绍了陪审制度的含义及历史发展。其中对陪审制度的两大类型做了较为详细的介绍,并对它们作了比较研究。第二部分主要阐述了陪审制度的功能。认为陪审制度在体现司法民主、促进司法公正、加强法独立、保持司法廉洁和对公民进行法制教育方面都有不可低估的作用。第三部分对我国陪审制度的历史演变进行了介绍,并对现状进行了分析。通过分析,笔者认为我国目前陪审制度的运行不尽如人意,主要是因为我国在立法上的不够完善和具体制度的粗糙造成的,所以当前的任务是应当如何完善它,而不是废除它。第四部分对如何改革和完善我国的陪审制度提出了具体的设想。主要包括立法层面和制度层面的完善。
[Abstract]:The jury system is a characteristic legal system in western countries. It "originated from Athens and Rome in ancient slavery countries, was choked in feudal autocratic society, praised the period of bourgeois revolution and prevailed in capitalist countries such as the United States and the United States." It was imitated in the world, also practiced in the former Soviet Union, some countries in Eastern Europe, and transplanted to our country. " The value of safeguarding people's sovereignty, promoting judicial justice and ensuring due process, which is manifested in the jury system, made the bourgeoisie of the western countries win the revolutionary victory and establish the state power. The jury system is expressly stipulated in its constitution or basic legal documents. But up to now, the fate of jury system in different countries is different. Some countries develop and perfect the system and become the object of other countries' emulation one after another, while the application of jury system in some countries is decreasing. There are two types of jury system: one mainly applies to Anglo-American law countries, such as the United Kingdom, the United States, the other mainly applies to civil law countries, such as France, Germany and so on, there is a certain difference between the two. The current people's jury system in our country is formed gradually on the basis of drawing lessons from the judicial experience of the former Soviet Union and combining with the concrete judicial practice of our country, and its development has experienced several ups and downs. Because the effect of the jury system in judicial practice is not satisfactory, there is a debate on the system in the academic circles of our country. However, the author thinks that this phenomenon is caused by the imperfect legislation and system of the jury in our country, and it can not simply negate the people's jury system. The main body of the article is divided into four parts, and its writing ideas and contents are as follows: the first part mainly introduces the meaning and historical development of jury system. Among them, the two types of jury system are introduced in detail, and they are comparatively studied. The second part mainly expounds the function of jury system. The jury system can not be underestimated in embodying judicial democracy, promoting judicial justice, strengthening the independence of law, maintaining judicial integrity and educating citizens on the legal system. The third part introduces the historical evolution of the jury system in China and analyzes the present situation. Through the analysis, the author thinks that the operation of the jury system in our country is not satisfactory at present, mainly because the legislation in our country is not perfect and the concrete system is rough, so the current task is how to perfect it, not to abolish it. The fourth part of how to reform and improve the jury system in China put forward specific ideas. Mainly includes the legislative level and the system level consummation.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D926.2

【引证文献】