司法能动主义及其在中国的发展

发布时间：2018-05-31 23:09

本文选题：司法能动主义 + 法官造法　；参考：《西北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：司法能动主义源自于美国20世纪以来一系列的司法实践,被视为一种自由主义的宪政传统,是一种新生事物,然而在短时间内却受到了民主国家的青睐。作为政治话语,司法能动主义在上世纪美国法院初漏端倪,被认为是法律的正当性介入并有助于化解矛盾纠纷,其目的是推动宪政发展,在这一总目标的指引下,司法能动主义被赋予了有化解政治纠纷、维护社会安定和保障公民民主自由权利、维护宪法尊严等职能,为了这些使命的实现,司法能动主义在陷入政治风波的同时在公共领域也在为民众获得基本权利和实现公平正义而努力。本文除导论和结语外,分为四个部分,第一部分试图对司法能动主义做出较为全面系统的分析,从司法能动主义兴起的背景、概念界定、法官造法、司法能动主义与司法克制主义分歧等方面谈起,对其做一个较为清晰的介绍,为后文描述司法能动主义在中国的应用做好理论铺垫。第二、三部分着重介绍司法能动主义存在的正当性、现实性、价值性及该如何对其进行价值衡量,从司法能动主义保障公民宪政权利、维护社会公平正义的侧重点出发,明确司法能动主义的价值取向,这也正是我们研究提倡该理念的原因所在。第四部分介绍司法能动主义在中国的有限适用及其对中国司法改革的影响。当前中国的司法改革引入适度的司法能动主义正是顺应了司法能动主义发展的潮流。中国处于社会急剧转型时期,社会矛盾激化,类型逐渐新颖,国家已经认识到这些问题的严重性,努力推进民主法治建设,对司法机关的职能寄予了深切的希望。司法能动主义在全世界范围内的发展潮流促使中国司法改革兴起,中国的司法改革是个宏大的主题,文章的主要目的不在于建构具体的制度,而旨在通过引入司法能动主义思潮,倡导一种温和、渐进、适度的司法能动主义,并与中国社会的具体情况相结合,提出了司法能动主义的发展方向,希望借此打开中国司法改革的新思路,为社会主义和谐社会的法治建设服务。
[Abstract]:Judicial activism originates from a series of judicial practices in the United States since the 20th century. It is regarded as a liberal constitutional tradition and a new thing. However, it is favored by democratic countries in a short period of time. As a political discourse, judicial activism appeared in the courts of the United States in the last century. It is regarded as the legitimate intervention of the law and helps to resolve conflicts and disputes, and its purpose is to promote the development of constitutionalism. Under the guidance of this general goal, judicial activism is regarded as the legitimate intervention of the law and helps to resolve conflicts and disputes. Judicial activism has been entrusted with the functions of resolving political disputes, maintaining social stability, safeguarding citizens' democratic and free rights, and safeguarding the dignity of the Constitution. Judicial activism is also striving for people to obtain basic rights and realize fairness and justice in the public domain while falling into political turmoil. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part attempts to make a more comprehensive and systematic analysis of judicial activism, from the background of the rise of judicial activism, the definition of the concept, the judge law, This paper discusses the differences between judicial activism and judicial restraint, and makes a clear introduction to it, which lays the foundation for the later description of the application of judicial activism in China. The second and third parts mainly introduce the legitimacy, reality, value and how to measure the value of judicial activism, starting from the emphasis of judicial activism to protect citizens' constitutional rights and safeguard social fairness and justice. To clarify the value orientation of judicial activism is the reason why we study and advocate this idea. The fourth part introduces the limited application of judicial activism in China and its influence on Chinese judicial reform. At present, the introduction of moderate judicial activism in China's judicial reform conforms to the development trend of judicial activism. China is in a period of rapid social transformation, social contradictions intensify, types are gradually novel, the state has recognized the seriousness of these problems, efforts to promote the construction of democracy and the rule of law, has placed deep hopes on the functions of the judiciary. The trend of judicial activism in the world promotes the rise of China's judicial reform, which is a grand theme. The main purpose of the article is not to construct a specific system. Through introducing the trend of thought of judicial activism and advocating a kind of moderate, gradual and moderate judicial activism, and combining with the specific conditions of Chinese society, this paper puts forward the development direction of judicial activism. The author hopes to open up new ideas of China's judicial reform and serve the construction of socialist harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926

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