强制医疗探讨

发布时间：2018-06-01 21:24

本文选题：精神障碍者 + 强制医疗　；参考：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：对于实施危害行为的精神障碍者如何处置,我国刑法仅在第十八条第一款做出原则性的规定,这是国家级立法对强制医疗问题的唯一一款规定,但在实践过程中可操作性不强,这也说明了我国对强制医疗理论研究的严重不足。本文从强制医疗的概念出发,叙述强制医疗在国内外的发展进程,进而探讨现阶段争议较大的问题:强制医疗的性质和刑罚理论基础,然后结合相关刑法条文,探讨我国强制医疗的现状及存在的缺陷,最后对强制医疗如何完善提出建议。强制医疗问题本身涉及刑法学、心理学、精神医学、刑事政策学等相关学科知识。对精神障碍者的强制医疗,既需要从刑法理论和精神医学理论上进行分析,也需要从立法上进行探讨和完善。全文约有三万字,除引言外,主体分为五部分,框架如下: 引言。在本部分,从我国精神障碍者存在的数量及引发的社会问题出发,结合马加爵、邱兴华等重大恶性刑事案件,引出实施危害行为精神障碍者应当如何处遇。结合立法上的规定,提出应对我国精神障碍者的强制医疗在理论上、立法上与实践中存在的问题。第一部分:强制医疗概述。在本部分,结合我国刑法第十八条第一款,对强制医疗的概念作出界定,认为强制医疗是指,强制已经实施了危害社会的行为但无刑事责任能力的精神障碍者接受治疗的一种强制性治疗措施,并指出刑法条文中“精神病人”这一称谓的不科学性。简述国内外精神障碍者强制医疗的发展过程。第二部分:强制医疗的性质和刑罚理论基础。在本部分,简介了关于强制医疗性质的几种争议观点,本文认为强制医疗是具有保安处分性质的刑事法措施,并提出强制医疗的刑罚理论基础是特殊预防理论。第三部分:精神障碍者强制医疗的概况。在本部分,从强制医疗的法律依据出发,包括地方性的规范,阐释了我国现行强制医疗的适用对象及其判断标准、适用的客观要件是精神障碍者刑法所禁止的危害行为,其程序性要件的关键是司法精神医学鉴定和司法判定,强制医疗的决定主体、期限与执行场所等的现状。第四部分:精神障碍者强制医疗的缺陷和完善。在本部分,根据前述关于我国强制医疗的现状,指出强制医疗在法定性、程序性、医疗模式、对象范围等方面存在的缺陷,并提出在强制医疗的适用原则、立法、期限、方法、执行场所、变更和终止、医疗模式等方面应如何完善的建议。第五部分:探讨。在本部分就实践中关于限制刑事责任能力的精神障碍者在两种情况下的处遇问题进行了讨论,并提出了意见。
[Abstract]:As to how to deal with persons with mental disorders who commit harmful acts, the criminal law of our country only stipulates in principle in the first paragraph of Article 18, which is the only provision of national legislation on compulsory medical treatment, but it is not feasible in practice. This also explains our country to the compulsory medical treatment theory research serious insufficiency. Starting from the concept of compulsory medical treatment, this paper describes the development process of compulsory medical treatment at home and abroad, and then discusses the controversial issues at present: the nature of compulsory medical treatment and the theoretical basis of penalty, and then combines the relevant articles of criminal law. This paper discusses the present situation and defects of compulsory medical treatment in China, and finally puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect compulsory medical treatment. Compulsory medical treatment itself involves knowledge of criminal law, psychology, psychiatry, criminal policy and so on. The compulsory medical treatment of mental disorders needs not only the analysis of the theory of criminal law and psychiatry, but also the exploration and perfection of legislation. In addition to the introduction, the main body is divided into five parts, the framework is as follows: Introduction In this part, starting from the number of mental disorders in China and the social problems caused by them, combining with the major criminal cases such as Ma Jia Jue and Qiu Xinghua, the author points out how to deal with the mental disorders who carry out harmful behavior. In combination with the legislative provisions, the problems in theory, legislation and practice of compulsory medical treatment for mental disorders in China are put forward. Part one: summary of compulsory medical treatment. In this part, combined with the first paragraph of Article 18 of the Criminal Law of our country, the concept of compulsory medical treatment is defined. It is a compulsory treatment measure for the mentally handicapped who have already carried out the behavior which endangers the society but has no criminal responsibility ability, and points out that the term "mental patient" in the articles of criminal law is unscientific. This paper briefly describes the development process of compulsory medical treatment for mental disorders at home and abroad. The second part: the nature of compulsory medical treatment and the theoretical basis of penalty. In this part, several controversial viewpoints about the nature of compulsory medical treatment are briefly introduced. The author holds that compulsory medical treatment is a criminal law measure with the nature of security measures, and puts forward that the theoretical basis of compulsory medical treatment is the theory of special prevention. The third part: the general situation of compulsory medical treatment for mental disorders. In this part, starting from the legal basis of compulsory medical treatment, including the local norms, the author explains the applicable object and the judgment standard of the current compulsory medical treatment in China. The objective elements of the application are the harmful acts prohibited by the criminal law of the mentally handicapped. The key points of its procedural requirements are the status quo of forensic psychiatry identification and judicial judgment, the determinant of compulsory medical treatment, the time limit and the place of execution. The fourth part: the limitation and perfection of compulsory medical treatment for mental disorders. In this part, according to the status quo of compulsory medical treatment in our country, the author points out the defects of compulsory medical treatment in legal qualification, procedure, medical model, object scope, and puts forward the applicable principle, legislation, time limit and method of compulsory medical treatment. Suggestions on how to improve the place of implementation, change and termination, medical model and so on. Part V: discussion. In this part, the author discusses the problems of mental disorders in two situations in practice, and puts forward some suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D924;D925.2;D926.7

【引证文献】