论房屋拆迁中监狱服刑人员财产权的保护

发布时间：2018-06-02 01:01

本文选题：房屋拆迁 + 监狱服刑人员　；参考：《上海社会科学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市房屋拆迁是我国大规模城市扩张和旧城改造的一个重要过程，特别是像北京、上海这样的大中型城市，土地资源尤其珍贵，为了提升城市形象、提高整体经济发展水平，这些城市需要通过土地、房屋的规划利用以整合资源。大量的房屋拆迁，改善了居民的居住环境，也提高了土地的利用价值。但在拆迁过程中，由于缺乏对被拆迁人的权利保护，常常引发被拆迁人的不满情绪，造成矛盾冲突。作为被拆迁人的监狱服刑人员，虽然他们因犯罪行为受到惩罚而失去自由，但这并不影响他们作为被拆迁人应当享有的与一般公众相同的正当的民事权利。在拆迁过程中，由于没有得到关注，他们的财产权常常受到侵犯。对于如何在拆迁中保护服刑人员的财产权利，我国的法律法规没有明确的规定，学术界也并没有对此进行系统的讨论。本文通过四个部分论述房屋拆迁中涉及监狱服刑人员的财产权以及保护现状，并提出有针对性的建议举措。第一部分将涉及拆迁的服刑人员限定为在监狱服刑的罪犯，通过分析监狱服刑人员享有财产权的种类，如房屋所有权和使用权、建设用地使用权等，提出保护监狱服刑人员财产权能够促进社会和谐、保障权利平等的重要意义。第二部分根据《合同法》及《国有土地上房屋征与补偿条例》等与拆迁中财产权保护相关的规定，通过区别公益性拆迁和商业拆迁的不同法律性质，分析服刑人员在拆迁过程中处于不同的地位以及拆迁涉及除财产权以外的其他权利，如知情权、征收补偿方案发表意见权以及获得拆迁补偿的权利等。第三部分着重分析了房屋拆迁中监狱服刑人员财产权保护的实践。通过分析监狱服刑人员的财产权在拆迁中受到侵害的具体表现，如因不了解自己的财产权而放弃拆迁补偿、因信息失准而引发补偿纠纷以及未依法获得合理的拆迁补偿等，总结具体原因以便在下文中提出有针对性的建议，并研究了当前我国实践中保护涉及拆迁的监狱服刑人员财产权的具体做法。第四部分针对上文中分析总结的拆迁中监狱服刑人员财产权受侵害的具体原因，，从立法和实践方面提出多条建议。在立法方面，应当在《监狱法》中确认服刑人员的财产权，并细化保护方式；扩大拆迁补偿对象的范围，明确规定给予补偿的时效；在实践中，改变监狱的传统普法教育模式，更多地普及针对服刑人员享有的权利义务教育，推行服刑人员民事代理制度，并将之引入监狱、社区等相关教育矫正机构，通过专门的组织例如社会工作者、律师等，为服刑人员提供专业的法律援助，不仅仅是针对人权，也应注重服刑人员财产权的保护，真正做到建立社会主义和谐社会的核心要求。
[Abstract]:Urban house demolition and relocation is an important process of large-scale urban expansion and old city transformation in China. Especially in large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, land resources are particularly valuable. In order to enhance the image of the city and raise the overall level of economic development, These cities need to integrate resources through the planning and utilization of land and houses. A large number of house demolitions, improve the living environment of residents, but also improve the value of land use. However, in the process of demolition, the lack of protection of the rights of the person who was removed, often lead to discontent, resulting in contradictions and conflicts. Although they are deprived of their liberty because of the punishment of the crime, this does not affect their legitimate civil rights, which are the same as those enjoyed by the general public. In the process of demolition, their property rights are often violated due to lack of attention. There is no clear stipulation on how to protect the property rights of prisoners in demolition, and there is no systematic discussion in academic circles. This paper discusses the property rights and protection status of prisoners in house demolition in four parts, and puts forward some suggestions. In the first part, the prisoners involved in demolition are limited to criminals serving their sentences in prison. By analyzing the types of property rights enjoyed by prison inmates, such as the ownership and use of houses, the right to use land for construction, etc., The importance of protecting the property rights of prison inmates can promote social harmony and guarantee equal rights. The second part distinguishes the different legal nature of the public welfare demolition and the commercial demolition according to the contract Law and the regulations on Housing Collection and compensation on the State-owned Land and other provisions related to the protection of property rights in the demolition. This paper analyzes the different position of prisoners in the process of demolition and the rights of demolition involving other rights other than property rights, such as the right to know, the right to express opinions on the expropriation and compensation scheme, and the right to receive compensation for demolition and so on. The third part focuses on the practice of property right protection of prisoners in house demolition. By analyzing the concrete manifestation of the violation of the property rights of the prisoners in the demolition, such as giving up the compensation for demolition because they do not know their own property rights, causing compensation disputes because of misinformation, and not obtaining reasonable compensation according to the law, etc. This paper summarizes the specific reasons in order to put forward specific suggestions in the following, and studies the current practice of protecting the property rights of prison inmates involved in demolition in our country. In the fourth part, the author puts forward several suggestions on legislation and practice in view of the specific reasons why the property rights of prison inmates are infringed. In terms of legislation, we should confirm the property rights of prisoners in the Prison Law and refine the way of protection; expand the scope of compensation objects for demolition and clear provisions for the limitation of compensation; in practice, change the traditional mode of legal education in prisons. To popularize the compulsory education of the rights enjoyed by prisoners, to promote the civil agency system for prisoners, and to introduce it into prison, community and other relevant educational and correctional institutions, through specialized organizations such as social workers, lawyers, etc. To provide professional legal aid for prisoners should not only aim at human rights but also pay attention to the protection of property rights of prisoners so as to truly achieve the core requirements of building a harmonious socialist society.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.7;D923;D922.181

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