转型中国社会的司法空间结构新形态

发布时间：2018-07-05 17:29

本文选题：司法空间结构 + 广场　；参考：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：司法空间结构,就如同“带着镣铐舞蹈”中的“镣铐”在影响着舞者的动作一样,决定着司法权力运作的方式。在历史上,已经存在了两种司法空间结构,即“广场”结构和“剧场”结构。它们不是凭空产生的,这就如同舞者的肉身上不会平白多出一副坚固的镣铐,而是在社会(广义理解)中孕育发展出来的,此乃几乎战无不胜的“历史唯物主义木偶”给出的必然推论。初民社会中孕育出了“广场”,它的创造者是普通的大众,所谓的“大众审判”就是它的表象；现代社会中孕育出了“剧场”,它的创造者是特殊的法律职业共同体,而“法律帝国中的国王”恰好担此重任。中国社会面临着转型,与此相伴的,中国的司法空间结构也在发生的转型。既然是转型,就意味着一种不确定,但也正是这种不确定,才带来了新的可能,才出现了中国特色。一方面,中国的社会(狭义理解)呈现出三种面相,即风险社会、消费社会和网络社会,这三种社会形态分别呈现出中国社会的一个侧面,只有联系在一起进行考虑,才可以真正认识转型中中国社会的特点。另一方面,中国的司法权力体现为一种功能主义的倾向,无论是司法判决还是司法系统都带有这种倾向。这既是传统中国司法文化的延伸,也是马克思主义中国化的部分结果,同时还是现今中国司法实践的真实情况。这两方面结合起来,恰恰符合转型中国的情况,即中国的转型,不是单纯地从前现代社会向现代社会的转型,而是伴随着后现代社会的共时性转型。惟有这种复杂性,才使得一种新的司法空间结构成为可能。当下中国的社会(狭义理解)状态和中国的司法状态结合在一起的时候,可以发现,此时司法空间结构所展示出来的现象,无法用“广场”或“剧场”加以概括,它即呈现出一定的“广场”特征,又体现出一定的“剧场”特征,但在本质上又与二者都存在着不同之处。如果用函数表示,这一本质的不同即在于,“广场”与“剧场”的变量为“审判者数量”和“国家权力”的一次函数,而当下中国司法空间结构所展示出的新形态的函数,如果继续采用这两个变量,那么就是与它们相关的二次函数。为了方便起见,有必要给这个新函数也寻求一个一次函数的变量,则变量为两种意识形态,即“合法／非法”二元代码语境下的规则意识与“自然法/实证法”二元冲突语境下的规则意识。这种新的司法空间结构,可以称之为"Wiki空间结构”。之所以称为Wiki空间结构,乃是因为其构建的方式与Wiki的构建规则颇为相似。Wiki的构建规则则分别是与网络密切相关、拥有特定的条目和相互间的合作性,比较贴切地诠释了新函数的内涵。而与之相应,Wiki司法空间结构具有四个特点,即全方位的开放性,兴趣点的差异性,司法裁判的最终性,以及主体间的合作性。而2009年以来的诸多案件,都可以作为此类司法空间结构的案例,比较典型的有：“交通肇事行为的定罪”与“全方位的开放性”,“药家鑫案/李庄漏罪案”与“兴趣点的差异性”等。至于司法裁判的最终性和主体间的合作性这两个特征,则蕴藏在每一个个案之中,无需单独例证。作为一种新的司法空间结构,尤其是不同于传统观点的新形态,或许有很大的可能被斥之为“病态”,但若用生理学的研究眼光而不是病理学的治疗眼光来看,其也不失为一种“非·常态”。毕竟在当下的中国,Wiki司法空间结构也还达不到常态化的标准。但是,如果可以大胆推论的话,影响这一结构的两个方面、五个要素中的绝大部分要素在未来都呈现出一种增长的趋势,而未能体现增长趋势的要素对整体的影响亦有存疑。起码从概率上来看,在可预见的未来,Wiki司法空间结构将逐步从“非·常态”走向一种“常态”。
[Abstract]:The judicial spatial structure, like the "shackles" in the dance of chains, affects the movements of the dancers, and determines the way in which judicial power operates.
In history, there have been two kinds of judicial space structures, that is, the "square" structure and the "theater" structure. They are not created out of thin air. This is just as the dancer's body does not produce a strong shackle, but is conceived and developed in the society. This is the almost unconquering "historical materialism wood". The inevitable inferences given by me give birth to the "square" in the initial people's society. Its creator is a common public, and the so-called "mass trial" is its appearance; the modern society breeds the "theater", its creator is a special legal profession community, and the "king of the legal Empire" is just responsible for this task.
China's society is facing the transformation, and with this, China's judicial space structure is also in transition. Since it is the transformation, it means a kind of uncertainty, but it is also the uncertainty, which has brought new possibilities, only the emergence of Chinese characteristics.
On the one hand, China's society (narrow sense) presents three facets, that is, the risk society, the consumer society and the network society. These three social forms present one aspect of the Chinese society. Only if they are linked together, we can truly understand the characteristics of the Chinese society in the transition. On the other hand, the judicial power of China is embodied as the embodiment of the Chinese society. A tendency of functionalism, either in judicial decisions or in the judicial system, is an extension of the traditional Chinese judicial culture, as well as a partial result of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine, and the true situation of the judicial practice in China today. These two aspects are in line with the situation in transition China, that is, China The transformation is not simply the transition from the former modern society to the modern society, but with the synchronic transformation of the post modern society. Only this complexity makes it possible for a new judicial space structure to be made.
At present, when the state of China's society (narrow sense) is combined with the state of China's judicature, it can be found that the phenomena displayed in the judicial space structure can not be summed up by the "square" or "theatre", which presents a certain "square" feature and a certain "theater" feature, but in essence it is in essence. It is different from the two. If the function is expressed, the difference in essence is that the variable of "square" and "theatre" is a function of "the number of judges" and "state power", and the new form of function displayed in the contemporary Chinese judicial space structure, if they continue to use these two variables, then It is the two function related to them. For the sake of convenience, it is necessary to seek a variable of one function for this new function, then the variable is the two ideology, the rule consciousness in the context of "legal / illegal" two yuan code and the sense of rule in the context of "natural law / empirical law" in the context of the conflict of two yuan. This new judicial space The structure can be called the "Wiki space structure".
The reason why it is called Wiki spatial structure is that it is similar to the construction rules of Wiki and the construction rules of.Wiki are closely related to the network, have specific items and mutual cooperation, and interpret the connotation of the new function more closely. Accordingly, the structure of the Wiki judicial space has four characteristics, namely, the structure of the judicial space. All aspects of openness, differences of interest, the ultimate nature of judicial referees, and cooperation between the subjects, and many cases since 2009 can be used as cases of such judicial space structure, which are typical: "convictions of traffic accidents" and "openness of all sides", "Yao Jiaxin case / Li Zhuang leaking crime" The two characteristics of the final nature of the judiciary and the cooperation between the subjects are contained in every case, without a single example.
As a new judicial space structure, especially the new form different from the traditional view, it may be very likely to be reprimanded as "sick", but it is also a "non normality" with the view of physiological research rather than the treatment of pathology. After all, the structure of the Wiki judicial space is also reached in the present China. However, if you can boldly deduce the two aspects of this structure, the overwhelming majority of the five elements present a trend of growth in the future, while the factors that fail to reflect the growth trend are doubtful about the overall impact of the growth trend. In the probability, the Wiki division is in the foreseeable future, in the foreseeable future. The spatial structure of law will gradually move from "non normal" to a "normal state".
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926

【参考文献】