论我国人民调解协议司法确认制度的救济程序

发布时间：2018-09-19 18:41

【摘要】：随着2009年最高人民法院《关于建立健全诉讼与非诉讼相衔接的矛盾纠纷解决机制的若干意见》、2011年《中华人民共和国调解法》以及最高人民法院2011年门出台的《关于人民调解协议司法确认程序的若干规定》的实施，，我国人民调解协议司法确认制度的初步建立并使我国的人民调解制度焕发的新的生机与活力。但由于我国司法确认制度缺乏救济程序的有关规定，其不利于发挥应有的功能。本文通过对我国司法确认制度的具体分析以及借鉴西方主要法治国家及我国台湾地区的有益经验，对我国司法确认的救济程序的建立提出笔者的建议。全文共分为五个部分，包括我国人民调解协议司法确认制度现状、我国人民调解协议司法确认制度的缺陷、主要国家和地区的调解制度、我国人民调解协议确认制度的救济程序和结语。第一部分比较详细的介绍了我国人民调解协议司法确认制度的现状，包括其背景、具体制度和意义。首先介绍了我国法院司法确认制度的背景即我国正处于社会转型时期，人民群众的矛盾和纠纷呈现出新的特点，而通过诉讼解决所有的纠纷并不现实，故发挥我国传统诉讼外的纠纷解决方式之一的人民调解制度的优势成为了有效缓解司法审判压力的重要途径。但是人民调解协议不具有法律拘束力成为了制约这一制度更好的发挥其功能的瓶颈。其次则比较详细的梳理了我国人民调解协议司法确认制度的具体内容包括司法确认的主体为当事人、司法确认的对象是调解协议、司法确认的程序为民事司法程序。最后则在前面对人民调解协议司法确认制度分析的基础上概括了我国人民调解协议司法确认制度的现实意义。第二部分则指出对我们人民调解协议司法确认制度的缺陷。首先指出我国人民调解协议司法确认制度的立法不足。这一制度是由《中华人民共和国人民调解法》第三章、最高人民法院《关于人民调解协议司法确认程序的若干规定》和《关于建立健全诉讼与非诉讼相衔接的矛盾纠纷解决机制的若干意见》构成的，但是后两者的法律效力层级不高却规定的详细。导致人民调解协议司法确认司法错误时当事人没有救济的规定。其次比较详细的分析了产生人民调解协议司法确认错误的主要原因：当事人能力的差异；调解组织功能的缺失以及法院的职权主义色彩浓厚。最后，本部分指出了我国人民调解协议司法确认制度救济程序的缺失。笔者认为基于有“权利就有救济“的司法理念，司法确认制度赋予了调解协议在一定条件下以法律执行力，但是却缺乏救济的规定。故增加当事人救济的规定是人民调解协议司法确认制度完善的基础。第三部分为全文的难点部分，此部分首先通过对现代调解制度的具体介绍，剖析了现代调解制度的具体特点以及与诉讼相比所具有的优势。随后又通过对西方主要法治国家—美国、英国、日本以及我国的台湾地区的调解制度的介绍，笔者得出救济程序是调解制度中必不可少的部分以及与诉讼衔接的关键环节。第四部分为本部分的创新部分，此部分在前面分析的基础上首先指出了建立我国人民调解协议人民调解确认制度救济程序的必要性，随后指出了救济程序的建立必须在完善司法确认制度的立法基础之上。最后，笔者通过上述分析得出了我国人民调解协议司法确认程序的救济程序即当事通过人发动审判监督程序或者向人民检察院提出抗诉的途径和规定人民调解协议司法确认错误后调解组织和人民法院的相关法律责任。第五部分为结语，故不赘述
[Abstract]:Following the implementation of the Supreme People's Court's "Several Opinions on Establishing and Perfecting the Mechanism of Settlement of Contradictions and Disputes Connecting Litigation and Non-litigation" in 2009, the "Mediation Resolution of the People's Republic of China" in 2011 and the "Several Provisions on the Judicial Confirmation Procedure of the People's Mediation Agreement" promulgated by the Sup The preliminary establishment of the system of judicial confirmation has brought new vitality and vigor to the people's mediation system in our country. However, the system of judicial confirmation in our country lacks the relevant provisions of relief procedure, which is not conducive to its proper function. The beneficial experience of the bay area puts forward the author's suggestions for the establishment of the judicial relief procedure in China.
The full text is divided into five parts, including the status quo of the judicial confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement in China, the defects of the judicial confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement in China, the mediation system of the main countries and regions, the relief procedure and conclusion of the confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement in China.
The first part introduces the current situation of judicial confirmation system of people's mediation agreement in China, including its background, specific system and significance. First, it introduces the background of judicial confirmation system of courts in China, that is, our country is in the period of social transformation, the contradictions and disputes of the people present new characteristics, and all through litigation to resolve all. Disputes are unrealistic, so giving full play to the advantages of the people's mediation system, one of the traditional ways of dispute resolution outside litigation, has become an important way to effectively alleviate the pressure of judicial trial. This paper deals with the specific contents of the judicial confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement in China, including the subject of judicial confirmation is the parties, the object of judicial confirmation is the mediation agreement, and the procedure of judicial confirmation is the civil judicial procedure. The practical significance of the confirmation system.
The second part points out the shortcomings of the judicial confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement. First, it points out that the legislation of the judicial confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement is inadequate. Some opinions on establishing and perfecting the mechanism of resolving conflicts and disputes connecting litigation and non-litigation are constituted, but the legal effect of the latter two is not high and the stipulations are detailed. Finally, this part points out the lack of the relief procedure of the judicial confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement in our country. The author thinks that the judicial confirmation system has been endowed with the judicial concept of "right has relief". Under certain conditions, the mediation agreement is executed by law, but there is no provision for relief. Therefore, adding the provisions of Party relief is the foundation of perfecting the judicial confirmation system of the people's mediation agreement.
The third part is the difficult part of the full text. This part firstly analyzes the specific characteristics of modern mediation system and its advantages compared with litigation by introducing the modern mediation system in detail. It is concluded that relief procedure is an essential part of mediation system and a key link in connection with litigation.
The fourth part is the innovation part of this part. On the basis of the previous analysis, this part first points out the necessity of establishing the relief procedure of the people's conciliation confirmation system of the people's conciliation agreement, and then points out that the relief procedure must be established on the legislative basis of perfecting the judicial confirmation system. The relief procedure of the judicial confirmation procedure of the people's mediation agreement in China is the way through which the parties initiate the trial supervision procedure or lodge a protest to the people's procuratorate, and the relevant legal responsibilities of the mediation organization and the people's court after the people's mediation agreement has been judicially confirmed to be wrong.
The fifth part is the conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926

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