论我国民事审判权配置的优化

发布时间：2018-10-05 09:54

【摘要】：审判权在如火如荼的司法改革实践中是如何行进的?其制度上设计的功能能否得到实现?现实社会中的哪些实务和理论偏向对其有效的运行有着限制?所列举的这些都是当前进行审判权配置研究所不可回避的问题。时下,对法院审判权行使和实现过程的研究,目的就是在于通过对审判权行使的主体以及他们如何行使审判权的研究来探究审判权在我国如何实现合理化的配置。无论是理论学术界还是司法实务界对审判权种种问题的关注由来已久,但呈现出来的问题是大多数学者都倾向于只从某一个角度对审判权进行研究,例如只从诉讼程序的角度把法院的审判权笼统地定义为司法程序的一方面的内容,对审判权的种类和性质的分析,往往也只局限于从法院审判活动的角度将其划分为审理权和裁判权,一定程度上忽视了当前社会主义法治建设大环境下审判权在法院系统内部运行的状况对外部所产生影响之间的联系。审判权的实现是一个系统的横向和纵向相互动的动态过程,即审判权在上、下级法院之间的纵向运行以及同一法院内部的横向运行。笔者借鉴了系统理论的研究成果并采取综合分析的方法,把我国民事审判权首先定义为一个有机联系的系统,逐一地分析、例举民事审判权的种类、功能以及探求审判权内各部分之间的联系。本文首先综合了学界对民事审判权定义的界定,并在此基础之上进一步分析了民事审判权的种类,对我国民事领域的审判权作了较为全面的总结,以此作为全文的研究对象。审判权作为法院最为重要的的权力,其配置的优化、公正与否不仅仅只存在于法院的审判活动是否有公正的结果,更多的应该是把它视作为一种是否为公正的程序性的权力来看待。因此,文章立意从程序的角度着手对民事审判权的优化配置作深入研究,在顾及到实体意义上审判权对公正程序的产生和形成的制约和促进作用的同时,针对我国现实国情提出了一些关于审判权优化配置的建议,认为我国当前的司法改革特别是民事诉讼法的改革已经进入到了一个“瓶颈”时期,学界在尊重现有制度条件下的诸多努力对民事审判权的优化配置并不能起到突破性的推动作用,究其原因就是诸多对审判权的研究大多只关注审判权的某一个方面,并在此狭隘视角的指引下进行论证活动,可见,这样的研究活动所产生的理论结果对我国民事审判权的改革并无更多的益处。文章在充分尊重和借鉴众多学者研究成果的基础上,在对现行审判权配置存在的种种问题充分认识的基础上,有针对性地提出了进行相关改革的几点构想,希望可以为我国目前的司法改革进程有所借鉴。
[Abstract]:How does the judicial power move forward in the practice of judicial reform in full swing? Can the system design function be realized? Which practical and theoretical biases in the real society have restrictions on its effective operation? The list of these are the current judicial power allocation research can not be avoided. Nowadays, the purpose of the study on the exercise and realization process of the court jurisdiction is to explore how to realize the rational disposition of the judicial power in our country through the study of the subjects who exercise the judicial power and how they exercise the judicial power. There has been a long history of attention to judicial power in both theoretical and practical circles, but the problem presented is that most scholars tend to study judicial power only from a certain angle. For example, only from the point of view of the proceedings, the court's jurisdiction is generally defined as the content of one aspect of the judicial process, and the analysis of the type and nature of the judicial power, They are also often limited to dividing them into trial and adjudication powers from the point of view of the court's trial activities, To a certain extent, it ignores the relationship between the internal operation of judicial power in the court system and the influence on the exterior under the general environment of socialist legal construction. The realization of judicial power is a dynamic process of horizontal and vertical interaction of the system, that is, the vertical operation of the jurisdiction between the lower courts and the horizontal operation of the same court. Based on the research results of system theory and the method of comprehensive analysis, the author defines the civil jurisdiction of our country as an organic system, analyzes it one by one, and gives examples of the types of civil jurisdiction. Function and explore the relationship between the various parts of the jurisdiction. This paper first synthesizes the definition of civil jurisdiction in academic circles, and on this basis further analyzes the types of civil jurisdiction, and makes a more comprehensive summary of civil jurisdiction in China, taking it as the research object of the full text. Judicial power as the most important power of the court, the optimization of its allocation, fairness or not exists not only in the trial activities of the court whether there is a fair result, It should be seen more as a procedural power that is fair or not. Therefore, the article intends to make a deep study on the optimal allocation of civil jurisdiction from the point of view of procedure, taking into account the restriction and promotion function of judicial power to the emergence and formation of fair procedure in the substantive sense. According to the actual situation of our country, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the optimal allocation of judicial power, and thinks that the current judicial reform, especially the reform of the civil procedure law, has entered a "bottleneck" period. Many efforts made by academic circles under the condition of respecting the existing system do not play a breakthrough role in the optimal allocation of civil jurisdiction. The reason is that most of the researches on judicial power are focused on only one aspect of judicial power. Under the guidance of this narrow angle of view, we can see that the theoretical results of such research activities have no more benefits for the reform of civil jurisdiction in China. On the basis of fully respecting and drawing lessons from the research achievements of many scholars, and on the basis of fully understanding the problems existing in the allocation of current jurisdiction, the article puts forward several ideas for carrying out relevant reforms. I hope it can be used for reference for the current process of judicial reform in our country.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D925.1;D926.2

【参考文献】