中国检察文化的历史演进与当代建构

发布时间：2018-10-15 20:49

【摘要】：就如一个没有文化的民族是没有根基的民族一样，一项没有文化的事业肯定也是没有根基的事业。本文在收集、阅读大量历史资料的基础上，以中国检察制度和检察文化的历史演进为“线”，以中国检察文化的当代建构为“点”，通过阐述中国检察制度的历史演进，剖析中国检察文化与中国传统政治文化等四种文化的内在联系，审视西方资本主义政治文化和苏俄社会主义政治文化对中国检察文化的影响，进而概括分析当前中国检察文化建设的现状，总结研究当代中国检察文化的组成结构、应有价值、功能作用，通过具体实例展现建构样本，线点结合，互为映衬。近现代意义上的检察制度是二十世纪初引入中国的，至今已有百余年历史。1906年（光绪三十二年），清政府改刑部为法部，统一司法行政，改大理寺为大理院，配置总检察厅，此为检察制度在中国的开端。纵观百年中国检察史，可以梳理出5个历史时代，即：20世纪初中国检察制度的初创；北洋军阀统治时期之检察制度；南京国民政府之检察制度；中国共产党领导下的革命根据地之检察制度；中华人民共和国之检察制度。这一历史演进过程既有一脉的传承，又有打倒后重建。在厘清中国检察制度的发展史后，进而对中国检察制度及其检察文化进行文化分析，通过解析中国传统政治文化与检察文化，中国传统法律文化与检察文化，中国传统监察文化与检察文化，中国传统民俗文化与检察文化的联系和影响，解析西方政治文化和苏俄社会主义政治文化对中国检察文化的影响；基本浮现出“中国检察文化”形态，继而提出本论文的第二大主题“中国检察文化的当代建构”。论及这一主题时，通过对中国检察文化建设之现状分析，论述中国检察文化的基本结构、主要功能及其重要价值，然后，以湖南省株洲市人民检察院检察文化建设的实践探索为例，对“当代中国检察文化建构”的实践样式进行深入解读。本论文在论述中，以“文化——法律文化——检察文化”的种属关系为逻辑推进，论述中，始终把握这样的出发点，即随着经济社会的发展，特别是政治社会发生从“革命党”向“执政党”的变化，国家主题从“战争革命”演变成“和平发展”后，对中国检察文化的研究必须依托其制度本身，必须置身于大力推进法治社会进程，构建和谐社会的大背景下，探求中国检察文化与中华传统文化、国外政治文化的关联，科学审视，科学建构。本论文共分6章，约15万字，旨在勾勒“中国检察文化”的清晰图景，整合检察文化理论与实践的脱节，期冀科学建构中国检察文化，以提高全体检察人员的思想境界、职业操守、法律素养，，提升检察机关法律监督能力和执法公信力。
[Abstract]:Just as a nation without culture is a nation without roots, so is a cause without culture. On the basis of collecting and reading a great deal of historical materials, this paper takes the historical evolution of Chinese procuratorial system and procuratorial culture as the "line" and the contemporary construction of Chinese procuratorial culture as the "point", and expounds the historical evolution of the Chinese procuratorial system. This paper analyzes the internal relations between Chinese procuratorial culture and Chinese traditional political culture, and examines the influence of western capitalist political culture and Soviet-Russian socialist political culture on Chinese procuratorial culture. Then it summarizes and analyzes the present situation of the construction of procuratorial culture in China, summarizes and studies the composition structure, the value and the function of the contemporary Chinese procuratorial culture, and shows the construction sample through concrete examples, the combination of lines and points, which is set against each other. The procuratorial system in the modern sense was introduced into China at the beginning of the 20th century and has a history of more than 100 years. In 1906 (Guang Xu 32), the Qing government reformed the Ministry of Criminal Justice into the Ministry of Law, unified the administration of justice, changed the Dali Temple into the Dali Hospital, and allocated the Procurator General's Office. This is the beginning of the procuratorial system in China. Throughout the hundred years of Chinese procuratorial history, we can sort out five historical periods, namely: the establishment of Chinese procuratorial system at the beginning of the 20th century, the procuratorial system of the Northern warlords, the procuratorial system of the Nanjing National Government; The procuratorial system of the revolutionary base areas under the leadership of the Communist Party of China; the procuratorial system of the people's Republic of China. This process of historical evolution has a pulse of inheritance, but also down after reconstruction. After clarifying the history of the development of Chinese procuratorial system, and then analyzing the Chinese procuratorial system and its procuratorial culture, through the analysis of Chinese traditional political culture and procuratorial culture, Chinese traditional legal culture and procuratorial culture, The relationship and influence of Chinese traditional supervisory culture and procuratorial culture, the relationship and influence of Chinese traditional folklore culture and procuratorial culture, and the analysis of the influence of western political culture and Soviet-Russian socialist political culture on Chinese procuratorial culture; The form of "Chinese procuratorial culture" has emerged, and the second theme of this thesis, "the contemporary construction of Chinese procuratorial culture", has been put forward. When discussing this subject, by analyzing the present situation of the construction of Chinese procuratorial culture, this paper discusses the basic structure, main functions and important value of the Chinese procuratorial culture, and then, Taking the practical exploration of the construction of procuratorial culture in Zhuzhou people's Procuratorate in Hunan Province as an example, the practical pattern of the construction of procuratorial culture in contemporary China is deeply interpreted. In this thesis, the category relationship of "culture-legal culture-procuratorial culture" is logically promoted. In the argumentation, the starting point is always grasped, that is, with the development of economy and society, Especially when the political society changes from the "revolutionary party" to the "ruling party" and the national theme evolves from "war revolution" to "peaceful development", the study of Chinese procuratorial culture must rely on its system itself. Under the background of vigorously promoting the process of ruling by law and building a harmonious society, we must explore the relationship between Chinese procuratorial culture and Chinese traditional culture, foreign political culture, scientific examination and scientific construction. This thesis is divided into six chapters, about 150000 words, aimed at drawing a clear picture of "Chinese procuratorial culture", integrating the disconnection between the theory and practice of procuratorial culture, hoping to construct Chinese procuratorial culture scientifically in order to improve the ideological realm of all procuratorial personnel. Professional ethics, legal literacy, improve the procuratorial organs legal supervision and law enforcement credibility.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.3

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