清末出洋人员对西方监狱的考察
发布时间：2018-12-25 16:14
【摘要】：清末中西交往日多，，很多国人开始走出国门，到欧美、日本学习、游历。这些出洋人员无一例外感受到西方政治、文化的冲击。监狱作为一个国家政治、经济、文化发展状况的反映，尤其是在治外法权的强烈刺激下，成为众多出洋人员考察的对象。 出洋人员对西方监狱的考察时间有早晚，考察的监狱也有所不同，留下的记述也有详有略。他们对西方监狱的考察，涉及内外设施、犯人生活、管理制度、教育改造等方面。受考察特性、参考系及个人禀赋等因素的影响，他们眼中的西方监狱和实际情况存在着某些偏差。尽管如此，在国人没有任何监狱学知识的背景下，出洋人员通过著述的形式将“西方监狱印象”输入国内，可以说为清末监狱改良进行了知识的储备。他们对监狱本质的认识、对清末监狱的反思，以及改革清末监狱的呼声，为清末监狱改良进行了思想上的启蒙。更为难得的是，黄遵宪、戴鸿慈等人以自已的实际行动直接推动了清末监狱改良的进程。
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, many Chinese began to go abroad to study and travel to Europe, America and Japan. All of them felt the impact of western politics and culture. Prison, as a reflection of the political, economic and cultural development of a country, especially under the strong stimulation of extraterritorial power, has become the object of many foreigners. The time and time of the inspection of western prisons are different, and the records left behind are also detailed and sketchy. Their inspection of western prisons involves internal and external facilities, prisoners' life, management system, educational reform and so on. Influenced by the characteristics of investigation, reference system and personal endowment, there are some deviations between the Western prisons and the actual situation in their eyes. However, under the background that the Chinese did not have any knowledge of prison science, the overseas personnel entered the "impression of Western prisons" into China through the form of writings, which can be said to be a reserve of knowledge for the reform of prisons in the late Qing Dynasty. Their understanding of the essence of the prison, the reflection on the prison in the late Qing Dynasty, and the voice of the reform of the prison in the late Qing Dynasty provided the ideological enlightenment for the reform of the prison in the late Qing Dynasty. What is more rare is that Huang Zunxian, Dai Hongci and others directly promoted the process of prison reform in the late Qing Dynasty with their own practical actions.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.7;D929
本文编号：2391347
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, many Chinese began to go abroad to study and travel to Europe, America and Japan. All of them felt the impact of western politics and culture. Prison, as a reflection of the political, economic and cultural development of a country, especially under the strong stimulation of extraterritorial power, has become the object of many foreigners. The time and time of the inspection of western prisons are different, and the records left behind are also detailed and sketchy. Their inspection of western prisons involves internal and external facilities, prisoners' life, management system, educational reform and so on. Influenced by the characteristics of investigation, reference system and personal endowment, there are some deviations between the Western prisons and the actual situation in their eyes. However, under the background that the Chinese did not have any knowledge of prison science, the overseas personnel entered the "impression of Western prisons" into China through the form of writings, which can be said to be a reserve of knowledge for the reform of prisons in the late Qing Dynasty. Their understanding of the essence of the prison, the reflection on the prison in the late Qing Dynasty, and the voice of the reform of the prison in the late Qing Dynasty provided the ideological enlightenment for the reform of the prison in the late Qing Dynasty. What is more rare is that Huang Zunxian, Dai Hongci and others directly promoted the process of prison reform in the late Qing Dynasty with their own practical actions.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.7;D929
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本文编号：2391347
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