公法上领土概念的形成与建构

发布时间：2018-01-11 14:18

本文关键词：公法上领土概念的形成与建构　出处：《环球法律评论》2015年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：领土作为古今政治和法律的重要概念,皆以领土的地理概念为基础。在法律上,最初的领土概念只是私法意义的一个权属概念,即领土为君主或国王所有和控制的地理范围。但伴随着主权概念从君主主权演变为国家主权之时,领土概念也就由私法上的权属概念演变为公法上的权属概念,其国家权力属性日益彰显,并衍生出三种国家领土学说:主权对象或客体说、国家的构成要素说和统治范围说。然而,19世纪末20世纪初出现的反主权学说,又将国家领土带入了另一个认知领域,即一些公法学家拒绝了主权概念所支撑的积极主义或实质主义的领土观,走上了一条消极主义或形式主义的领土解释之路。他们要么把领土看成是对统治权力的一种地域限制,要么将领土与国家统治权的关系割断,把领土解释成纯粹的法律的效力空间,从而奠定了当今公法学上并行的两种领土概念:实质主义和形式主义的领土概念。
[Abstract]:Territory, as an important concept of politics and law in ancient and modern times, is based on the geographical concept of territory. In law, the original concept of territory is only a concept of tenure in the meaning of private law. As the concept of sovereignty evolves from sovereign sovereignty to national sovereignty, the concept of territory changes from the concept of ownership in private law to the concept of ownership in public law. The property of state power is becoming more and more obvious, and three theories of national territory are derived: the theory of sovereign object or object, the theory of constituent elements of state and the theory of scope of domination. At the end of 19th century and at the beginning of 20th century, the anti-sovereignty doctrine brought the national territory into another cognitive field, that is, some public jurists rejected the concept of the concept of sovereignty supported by the positive or substantive view of territory. They have embarked on a path of negative or formalistic territorial interpretation. They either regard territory as a kind of territorial limitation of the ruling power or sever the relationship between the territory and the ruling power of the state. By interpreting the territory as a space for the effect of pure law, two concepts of territory, namely, materialism and formalism, have been established which are parallel in the field of public law.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学行政法学院;
【分类号】：D993
【正文快照】： “领土”一词,一般是指表示个体、群体或国家所占据的空间范围。它的本义是指特定主体所管辖的土地,是一种划定了界限的地理范围。但在现当代,“领土”一词也常常超出本义,在更广阔或者比喻意义上使用,指称一种特定的空间或领域。比如,指称不同的社会群体占据使用特定的空间,

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