WTO体制下动物福利措施的非歧视和必要性分析及发展困境——以加拿大诉欧盟《海豹禁令》案为视角

发布时间：2018-01-12 22:03

本文关键词：WTO体制下动物福利措施的非歧视和必要性分析及发展困境——以加拿大诉欧盟《海豹禁令》案为视角　出处：《国际经贸探索》2013年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：2012年WTO争端解决机构就加拿大、挪威诉欧盟海豹禁令措施一案成立专家组。《海豹禁令》下的"土著民族豁免条款"虽使土著民族聚居地区格陵兰的海豹产品全部得以进入欧盟销售,但该豁免条款旨在回应欧盟各成员方在国内法和国际法下所承担的保护土著民族权利的义务,其豁免条件合理,应不违反非歧视的要求。但"海洋资源管理豁免条款"下的非盈利要求并非海洋资源管理的必要条件,对加拿大施加了较高的管制负担,可能被认定为违反TBT协定2.1条。另外,禁令为避免对海豹的非人道方式猎捕,全然禁止海豹产品的进口和销售亦可能被专家组和上诉机构认为不符必要性要求。
[Abstract]:In 2012, the WTO dispute settlement body referred to Canada. Norway v. EU Seals Prohibition measures established a panel of experts. The Indigenous Peoples exemption clause under the Seals Ban enables all seal products from Greenland, where indigenous peoples are concentrated, to be marketed into the EU. The exemption clause, however, is intended to respond to the obligations of EU member States under domestic and international law to protect the rights of indigenous peoples and is subject to reasonable conditions of exemption. The requirement of non-discrimination should not be violated... but the non-profit requirement under the Marine Resources Management exemption Clause is not a necessary condition for the management of marine resources and imposes a higher regulatory burden on Canada. It may be found to be a violation of article 2. 1 of the TBT Agreement. In addition, the ban is intended to avoid inhumane hunting of seals. An outright ban on the import and sale of seal products may also be deemed necessary by panels and appellate bodies.
【作者单位】：广东外语外贸大学国际商务英语学院;
【基金】：教育部国别与区域研究中心项目加拿大研究中心招标项目阶段性成果
【分类号】：D996.1;D996.9
【正文快照】： 2012年WTO争端解决机构就加拿大、挪威诉欧盟海豹禁令措施一案成立专家组。欧盟《海豹禁令》旨在制止以非人道方式捕猎海豹,从而禁止欧盟各成员方销售和进口海豹产品,为欧盟近年来动物福利保护的重要举措,但损害了海豹产品出口国的利益,其中加拿大沿海居民及土著居民受到的影

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