美国反补贴法的“前世”与“今生”——以4105法案为界

发布时间：2018-02-09 01:41

本文关键词： 非市场经济美国反补贴法法案　出处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2012年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：美国是世界上最早采取反补贴措施的国家。关贸总协议成立之前,美国的反补贴法是具有代表性的反补贴法律规范。伴随着多边贸易体制的发展,美国反补贴法也在进一步完善,不仅增加了"国内产业损害"的实质性要求,还修订了征收反补贴税和启动司法审查的具体程序,规定了行政当局初裁和终裁的期限,赋予国内生产商申请法律救济的途径。反补贴法还授权总统就补贴协议与外国进行谈判。然而长期以来,美国反补贴法在是否适用于非市场经济这一问题上却一直语焉不详,这与同出一辙的反倾销法形成鲜明对比。2012年3月,美国国会通过了《对非市场经济国家使用反补贴税法案》(4105法案),明确了反补贴法既适用于市场经济国家,也适用于非市场经济国家,这在美国反补贴立法史上具有分水岭意义。
[Abstract]:The United States is the first country in the world to take countervailing measures. Before the establishment of the General Agreement on tariffs and Trade, the United States countervailing law was a representative legal norm of countervailing measures. With the development of the multilateral trading system, The United States countervailing law is also being further improved, not only by increasing the substantive requirements for "domestic industry damage", but also by revising the specific procedures for levying countervailing duties and initiating judicial review, and setting the time limit for the initial and final adjudication of the administrative authorities. Domestic producers are given access to legal remedies. The countervailing law also empowers the president to negotiate a subsidy agreement with a foreign country. However, the United States countervailing law has long been unclear as to whether it will apply to a non-market economy. In March 2012, the United States Congress passed Act 4105 on the use of countervailing duties to non-market economy countries, which made it clear that the countervailing law is applicable to market economy countries. It also applies to non-market economy countries, which is a watershed in the history of anti-subsidy legislation in the United States.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学凯原法学院;
【基金】：上海交通大学文理交叉课题的部分研究成果(项目编号:11JCY01)
【分类号】：D996.1

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