法治中国视野下的国家豁免问题——从日本、韩国比较法角度的探究

发布时间：2018-02-20 14:37

本文关键词： 国家豁免日本韩国中国立法　出处：《甘肃政法学院学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在推进"法治中国"与"对外开放"的进程中,需要重新审视国家豁免的立场和立法。作为习惯国际法的国家豁免原则,国家豁免的适用范围以及具体标准在实践中并未统一。我国在这一问题上只有零散规定,没有专门立法。这些法律规定有时与司法实践相矛盾,在实践中难免带来困惑。依法治国必然包含有法可依,这要求我国尽快制定一部国家主权豁免法。立法者在立法过程中宜借鉴各国优秀成果,既包括在此方面具有相对成熟经验的欧美,也包括同处东亚、与我国具有类似文化、在此领域同样初步探索的日本、韩国等国家的制度。当前,日本、韩国都逐渐转向了限制豁免主义,日本更是在加入《联合国国家及其财产管辖豁免公约》后制定了自己的外国主权豁免法,韩国也有呼吁本国尽快立法的声音。我国应慎重考虑国家豁免的适用范围,制定一部符合我国国情的、体例完整的外国主权豁免法。
[Abstract]:In the process of promoting "China under the rule of law" and "opening to the outside world", it is necessary to re-examine the position and legislation of State immunity... as a principle of State immunity in customary international law, The scope of application and specific standards of state immunity are not unified in practice. China has only scattered provisions on this issue, and there is no special legislation. These legal provisions sometimes contradict judicial practice. It is inevitable to bring confusion in practice. Governing the country according to law must contain laws, which requires China to formulate a national sovereign immunity law as soon as possible. Legislators should draw lessons from the outstanding achievements of various countries in the legislative process. Including both Europe and the United States, which have relatively mature experience in this field, and the same East Asian countries, which have similar cultures with China and are also initially exploring the systems of Japan, Korea, and other countries in this field. At present, Japan, Japan, South Korea has gradually turned to the doctrine of restricted immunity, and Japan has formulated its own foreign sovereign immunity law after acceding to the United Nations Convention on jurisdictional Immunities of States and their property. South Korea has also called on the country to legislate as soon as possible. China should carefully consider the scope of application of state immunity and formulate a comprehensive foreign sovereign immunity law in accordance with China's national conditions.
【作者单位】：吉林大学法学院;吉林大学公共外交学院;
【分类号】：D992

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