我国海洋巡航执法制度的研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 17:05

本文关键词： 海洋法海洋权益海洋巡航执法海洋巡航制度　出处：《海南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文除引言和结语外,分五个部分对论题进行具体阐述,共三万余字符。海洋巡航执法这项工作涉及了国家海洋的交通安全、海洋环境监察、打击海洋犯罪甚至维护国家海洋权益,研究国家的海洋巡航制度是对推动海洋事业的开发,维护国家海洋权益和制定海洋战略有重大意义。第一部分是介绍我国海洋巡航执法工作的基本情况。首先叙述海洋巡航执法的概念、与其他相关概念的区别和界限；论述巡航执法和一般海上执法的关系,介绍巡航执法的工具、作用,巡航工作的特点及一般情况下的分类。其次是阐述我国巡航执法工作的历史。再次是介绍我国巡航执法工作的政府部门,依次介绍其工作的职能、作用和法律依据。第二部分是论述和总结我国加入的《联合国海洋法公约》所规定的海域管辖制度及巡航执法制度,其中关于海域制度的论述结合了有关海洋巡航执法工作的内容,包括海域制度的定义、范围和依附海域国家的巡航执法的权利,具体海域管辖制度包括领海、毗连区、专属经济区和公海等。巡航执法制度的内容包括接近权、登临权和紧追权。第三部分将分两小部分来论述我国海洋巡航制度存在的问题。第一段讨论我国海洋巡航制度理论立法的问题：首先是立法不够完善；其次是制定法律时没有和国际法做出好的衔接；再次是立法中原则性条款较多；最后是军舰的法律地位没有确定。第二段讨论执法实践中出现的问题：首先是海上人命搜救程序问题；其次是域外船舶管辖问题；再次是外籍船舶管理问题；最后是争议海域执法问题。第四部分是介绍国外巡航执法制度的实际情况和经验。选取巡航工作经验比较丰富的国家经验。如美国、英国、日本和韩国。将通过介绍外国的立法和现实巡航执法的基本情况来分享经验。第五部分是对于上面所有讨论的问题,针对我国巡航制度现阶段立法和实践中执法出现的问题,参考他国的经验,对巡航制度的立法和工作提出建议。我国首先要完善巡航相关法律制度,划分巡航权限和海域管理,提高执法力度,加强执法装备和队伍的力量,对外要借鉴国外先进的经验和加强和周围国家的合作。综上所述分析出海洋巡航执法的概念和分类及法律依据,结合国际海洋法制度,分析我国海洋巡航执法现阶段立法和执法存在的问题,参照其他海洋大国的经验,对完善巡航制度的立法和解决执法实践中的问题提出建议。
[Abstract]:In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into five parts to elaborate the topic, a total of more than 30,000 characters. The work of maritime cruising law enforcement involves the national maritime traffic safety, marine environmental supervision, combating marine crimes and even safeguarding the national maritime rights and interests. The study of the national maritime cruise system is to promote the development of marine undertakings. Safeguarding national marine rights and interests and formulating marine strategies are of great significance. The first part is to introduce the basic situation of maritime cruising law enforcement in China. Firstly, it describes the concept of maritime cruise law enforcement, the differences and limits with other related concepts, and discusses the relationship between cruise law enforcement and general maritime law enforcement. This paper introduces the tools and functions of cruising law enforcement, the characteristics of cruising work and the classification under general circumstances. Secondly, it expounds the history of cruise law enforcement work in our country. Again, it introduces the government departments of cruise law enforcement work in our country, and introduces the functions of its work in turn. Role and legal basis. The second part discusses and summarizes the maritime jurisdiction system and cruise law enforcement system stipulated by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, to which China is a member. Including the definition, scope and right of cruising law enforcement of countries dependent on sea areas, including the territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and high seas, etc. The contents of cruise law enforcement system include the right of access, Boarding rights and hot pursuit rights. The third part will be divided into two parts to discuss the existing problems of China's marine cruise system. The first paragraph discusses the theoretical legislation of China's maritime cruise system: first, the legislation is not perfect; Secondly, there is not a good connection with international law when making the law; thirdly, there are many principled clauses in the legislation. Finally, the legal status of warships has not been determined. The second paragraph discusses the problems in law enforcement practice: first, the procedure of search and rescue of life at sea; secondly, the jurisdiction of foreign ships; thirdly, the management of foreign vessels; Finally, the issue of law enforcement in the disputed sea area. Part 4th is to introduce the actual situation and experience of foreign cruise enforcement system. Select the experience of countries with rich experience in cruising, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, the United States, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Japan and Korea. Experience will be shared by introducing foreign legislation and the basics of actual cruise enforcement. The 5th part refers to the experience of other countries in view of the problems arising from the legislation and practice of the cruise system in China at this stage, for all the questions discussed above. First of all, our country should perfect the relevant legal system of cruising, divide the cruise authority and sea area management, enhance the law enforcement, strengthen the force of the law enforcement equipment and team, Foreign countries should learn from foreign advanced experience and strengthen cooperation with the surrounding countries. In summary, the concept, classification and legal basis of maritime cruising law enforcement are analyzed. Combined with the international system of the law of the sea, the problems existing in the legislation and enforcement of maritime cruise law enforcement in China at the present stage are analyzed, and the experiences of other major maritime countries are referred to. Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the legislation of cruising system and to solve the problems in law enforcement practice.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.1;D993.5

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