国际环境法中的共同但有区别的责任研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 23:06

本文选题：共同但有区别的责任　切入点：国际环境法　出处：《辽宁大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地球是我们人类赖以生存的地方,但由于近几个世纪以来人类过度的利用,地球的环境受到史无前例的严峻挑战。全世界各国都已经认识到环境保护的重要性。但在具体履行全球环境保护义务以及承担各自相应的责任方面,发达国家与发展中国家存在着很大的分歧。正是基于上述矛盾,一项基于国际分配正义的理念发展出来了一项责任即“共同但有区别的责任”。该责任在国际环境保护领域具有里程碑的性质,其内涵表现为：全世界各国无论发达国家还是发展中国家都负有环境保护义务,但因历史、经济状况等因素,发达国家应承担更大、更多的责任。在该责任的指导下,使得更多的发展中国家参与到全球环境保护中来,因此研究“共同但有区别的责任”不仅具有理论意义更具有实践意义。本文共分五部分,近两万五千字左右,主要从以下五个方面来论述国际环境法中的共同但有区别的责任。第一部分论述了共同但有区别的责任的基本内涵,包括概念、内容以及其产生和发展过程；第二部分主要采用了比较的方法分析了共同但有区别的责任同传统国际公法领域内的国家责任的区别；第三部分阐述了发达国家和发展中国家对共同但有区别的责任在国际环境法中地位的观点和立场；第四部分以《蒙特利尔议定书》和《京都议定书》两个典型代表性条约为例,论述了共同但有区别的责任在国际环境法文件中的体现以及在实践中的实施效果；最后,在总结共同但有区别的责任在实践中遇到的问题的基础上,提出了一些完善建议和措施。同时进一步阐述了我国应如何更好的贯彻和实施共同但有区别的责任。
[Abstract]:The earth is the place on which we live, but due to the excessive use of human beings in recent centuries, The Earth's environment is facing unprecedented challenges. Countries all over the world have recognized the importance of environmental protection. However, in the specific implementation of global environmental protection obligations and in assuming their respective responsibilities, There are great differences between developed and developing countries. A responsibility developed on the basis of international distributive justice, that is, "common but differentiated responsibilities"... is of a landmark nature in the field of international environmental protection, Its implication is that every country in the world, whether developed or developing, has an obligation to protect the environment. However, due to historical and economic conditions, the developed countries should bear more and more responsibilities. Under the guidance of this responsibility, It makes more developing countries participate in the global environmental protection, so the study of "common but differentiated responsibilities" not only has theoretical significance but also has practical significance. This paper is divided into five parts, nearly 25,000 words, mainly from the following five aspects to discuss the common but differentiated responsibilities in international environmental law. The second part mainly analyzes the differences between common but differentiated responsibilities and the traditional public international law field, the second part mainly uses the comparative method to analyze the differences between the common but differentiated responsibilities and the state responsibility in the field of traditional public international law. Part III sets out the views and positions of developed and developing countries on the status of common but differentiated responsibilities in international environmental law. Part 4th takes the two typical representative treaties of the Montreal Protocol and the Kyoto Protocol as examples. This paper discusses the embodiment of common but differentiated responsibilities in the documents of international environmental law and the effect of their implementation in practice, and finally, on the basis of summarizing the problems encountered in the practice of common but differentiated responsibilities, Some suggestions and measures are put forward. At the same time, how to implement and implement the common but differentiated responsibilities in China is further expounded.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.9

【参考文献】