论“取得时效”在国际法上的地位

发布时间：2018-03-08 15:35

本文选题：取得时效　切入点：历史性权利　出处：《外交评论(外交学院学报)》2011年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：时效是否构成传统国际法上领土取得模式之一,是一个极具争议的问题。如果时效指涉一种明显不同于其他取得模式的情势,且时效的构成条件能明确界定,则时效可与先占、征服、割让、添附等并列为领土取得模式之一。在领土争端中,当事方可能主张历史上某一时刻形成的权利,这种权利不以先占、征服、割让等为据。当事方也可能基于某些事实和情势主张原主权者的权利被取代。时效概念所指正是这两种实质上明显不同的情势。历史性权利的基础是国际社会的一般意见,主权转移的基础则是争端当事方之间某种形式的协议。因此,国际法上确实需要一些概念来描述这两种情势,但时效显然不是合适的术语。若以历史性权利、默示协定来描述时效所指的情势,传统国际法上的"五种取得模式"可重新列举。深入剖析时效概念,有助于我们准确把握现存各种领土争端中可能涉及的时效问题。
[Abstract]:Whether the statute of limitations constitutes one of the traditional modes of territorial acquisition in international law is a highly controversial question. If the limitation refers to a situation that is clearly different from other modes of acquisition and the constituent conditions of the statute of limitations can be clearly defined, then the limitation period may be and preemptive. Conquest, cession, addition, etc., as one of the modes of territorial acquisition. In territorial disputes, the parties may claim a right which may arise at a certain time in history, without preemption, subjugation, etc. Cession, etc.... the parties may also, on the basis of certain facts and circumstances, claim that the rights of the former sovereign have been superseded... the concept of limitation refers to precisely these two substantially different situations... the historical right is based on the general view of the international community, The transfer of sovereignty is based on some form of agreement between the parties to the dispute. Therefore, some concepts are indeed needed in international law to describe the two situations, but the statute of limitations is clearly not the appropriate term... in the case of historical rights, The "five acquisition modes" in traditional international law can be relisted by implying agreement to describe the situation of prescription. A thorough analysis of the concept of prescription is helpful for us to accurately grasp the prescription problems that may be involved in various existing territorial disputes.
【作者单位】：中山大学亚太研究院;
【基金】：张祖兴主持的教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“法律解决钓鱼岛问题的可行性与必要性研究”(项目批准号:11YJAZH123)阶段性成果
【分类号】：D99

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