中国对外核电投资的法律风险与防范研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 02:37

本文选题：核电　切入点：海外投资　出处：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：虽然福岛核事故的阴霾并未消散,但是在目前全球能源需求旺盛和世界环保高标准的背景下,各国开始恢复核电发展,许多新兴核电国家为了保证本国经济快速发展所必须的能源供应,积极引进先进核电技术和外国资本兴建本国核电产业,拥有核电的部分国家也开始计划扩大本国核电规模,以缓解本国能源需求压力。在这样的背景下,中国适时将核电走出去上升为国家战略,加快对外核电投资合作步伐,积极开拓国外核电项目。尽管中国主要核电企业拥有大量的核电运营经验和管理经验,在技术上也拥有自主知识产权的第三代核电技术,具有较强核电综合实力,但是在进行对外核电投资合作的过程叶中,依然需要面对激烈的国际核电市场竞争。本文通过国际投资法的视角,以中国对外投资立法和主要核电投资东道国的法律制度等为基础,以中国和其他国家的对外核电投资案例为实证,其中也包括部分其他能源投资案例,对中国对外核电投资的法律风险进行了分析并提出了若干防范对策。通过对中国核电投资东道国的法律制度的分析并结合核电产业的特点,中国对外核电投资的法律风险主要包括国家安全审查风险、反垄断审查风险、环保法律风险等。从中国对外核电投资的实践来看,中国对外核电投资过程中已经出现了由于没有对相关投资目标国的法律制度做好充分调查和准备而导致的风险的发生,给中国核电企业造成了巨大损失。本文立足于中国对外核电投资现状,深入分析中国对外核电投资存在的法律风险,从国际法、中国国内法、核电企业自身三个层面,为中国在对外核电投资合作的过程中如何防范各种具体法律风险提出若干建议。在国际法的层面,要充分利用现有的多边机制(如《能源宪章条约》、《华盛顿公约》等多边条约),在双边投资条约谈判中对可能出现的相关法律风险以及投资争端解决方式明确约定进行事前防范。中国的对外投资法律制度也应尽快完善,以适应中国对外核电投资不断扩张的现实,为中国核电企业的对外投资保驾护航。核电企业自身也应重视法律风险的防范,在对外核电投资的过程中审慎调查东道国的法律环境、目标企业的经营管理状况和涉诉情况等,避免因缺乏对法律风险的预见造成核电投资项目的暂停甚至终止,给企业带来重大损失。
[Abstract]:Although the haze of the Fukushima nuclear accident has not dissipated, under the background of the exuberant global energy demand and the high environmental standards in the world, countries have begun to resume nuclear power development. In order to ensure the energy supply necessary for their rapid economic development, many emerging nuclear power countries have actively introduced advanced nuclear power technology and foreign capital to build their own nuclear power industries. Some countries that own nuclear power have also begun to plan to expand their own nuclear power scale. In order to ease the pressure on the country's energy demand. Against this background, China has in due course upgraded nuclear power to a national strategy to speed up the pace of investment and cooperation in foreign nuclear power. Actively exploring foreign nuclear power projects. Although major nuclear power enterprises in China have a lot of nuclear power operation experience and management experience, they also have the third generation nuclear power technology which has their own intellectual property rights. However, in the process of outward nuclear power investment cooperation, we still need to face the fierce competition in the international nuclear power market. On the basis of China's legislation on outward investment and the legal system of the host country of major nuclear power investment, and taking the cases of China and other countries as examples, including some other cases of energy investment, This paper analyzes the legal risks of China's foreign nuclear power investment and puts forward some preventive measures. Through the analysis of the legal system of the host country of China's nuclear power investment and the characteristics of the nuclear power industry, The legal risks of China's outward nuclear power investment mainly include the risk of national security review, the risk of anti-monopoly review, the legal risk of environmental protection, etc. From the perspective of the practice of China's foreign nuclear power investment, In the process of China's outward nuclear power investment, there has been a risk arising from the lack of adequate investigation and preparation of the legal systems of the relevant investment target countries. This paper, based on the current situation of China's foreign nuclear power investment, deeply analyzes the legal risks of China's foreign nuclear power investment, from the three levels of international law, Chinese domestic law, and nuclear power enterprises themselves. Put forward some suggestions on how to prevent various kinds of specific legal risks in the process of China's investment in foreign nuclear power. At the level of international law, It is necessary to make full use of existing multilateral mechanisms (such as the Energy Charter Treaty, the Washington Convention and other multilateral treaties), and to explicitly agree on the relevant legal risks that may arise and the settlement of investment disputes in bilateral investment treaty negotiations. China's legal system for foreign investment should also be improved as soon as possible. In order to adapt to the continuous expansion of China's foreign nuclear power investment, it is necessary for the Chinese nuclear power enterprises to protect their foreign investment. The nuclear power enterprises themselves should also attach importance to the prevention of legal risks. In the process of investing in nuclear power abroad, we carefully investigate the legal environment of the host country, the operation and management situation of the target enterprise and the situation of litigation, so as to avoid suspending or even terminating the nuclear power investment project due to the lack of foresight of legal risk. It brings great losses to enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D996.4

【参考文献】