气候变化技术国际转让法律机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 18:18

本文选题：气候变化技术　切入点：国际技术转让　出处：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气候变化是当今国际社会最为关注的话题之一。全球气候变化不仅影响着人类的生存环境，而且还制约着世界经济的发展和社会的进步。如今，气候变化已不仅仅是科学技术问题，它还关乎国家间的政治、经济甚至安全问题。为了减缓气候变化，实现人类的可持续发展，国际社会先后通过了《联合国气候变化框架条约》、《京都议定书》、《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》等一系列全球性的法律多边文件，初步形成了应对气候变化问题的国际法律体系。而后围绕气候变化进行的国际合作日益增多，人们普遍意识到，气候变化技术（即与气候相关的环境友好技术）在国际间的有效转让是解决目前气候环境恶化的最有效途径。然而，目前气候变化技术在国际间的转让现状并不容乐观，发达国家与发展中国家在这一领域的博弈都日益加剧，双方都不愿作出让步。笔者认为，这与相关气候条约的不完善有关，也与国际贸易体系下技术转让法律制度的不完善有关。发现气候变化技术国际转让不充分的法律原因，改进现行国际贸易体系规则，并提出相应完善建议成为了一个化解双方的矛盾，规范国际市场，促进气候变化技术在国际间的顺利转让的极具实践意义的课题。气候变化技术的国际转让是受气候条约体系和国际贸易体系这两大体系的调整，相关法律制度的缺位或不合理才使得目前气候技术国际转让陷入僵局。本文认为要切实让发达国家履行帮助发展中国家共同应对气候变化的义务，就必须要有合理的强制性的法律制度作为保障。协调好TRIPS协议（与贸易相关的知识产权协议）中的强制许可制度之适用是解决目前困境一剂良方，所以本文在介绍了目前气候变化技术国际间转让的现状，分析了相关条约、体系在调整这一领域方面的不足，并着重阐述了强制许可制度应当适用气候变化技术的国际间转让，最后得出结论，完善目前法律、法规存在的漏洞，并让发达国家与发展中国家本着共同应对气候变化的宗旨，摒弃私利，切实履行相关义务，为保护全球气候环境贡献自己的力量。
[Abstract]:Climate change is one of the most concerned topics in the international community today. Global climate change not only affects the living environment of human beings, but also restricts the development of the world economy and social progress. Climate change is not only a matter of science and technology, but also a matter of politics, economy and even security among nations. The international community has successively adopted a series of global legal multilateral documents such as the United Nations Framework Treaty on Climate change, the Kyoto Protocol, the Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights, and so on. The initial international legal system to address climate change and the growing international cooperation surrounding climate change have been widely recognized, The effective transfer of climate change technology (i.e. climate-related environment-friendly technology) is the most effective way to solve the current climate environment deterioration. However, the current international transfer of climate change technology is not optimistic. The game between developed and developing countries in this field is increasing day by day, and neither side is willing to make concessions. This is related to the imperfections of the relevant climate treaties, as well as to the imperfections of the legal regime on technology transfer under the international trading system... finding the legal reasons for the inadequacy of the international transfer of climate change technologies, and improving the existing rules of the international trading system, It is of great practical significance to solve the contradiction between the two sides, to standardize the international market and to promote the smooth transfer of climate change technology in the world. The international transfer of climate change technology is governed by the climate treaty system and the international trading system. The absence or unreasonableness of the relevant legal system makes the current international transfer of climate technology deadlock. This paper holds that the developed countries should fulfill their obligations to help the developing countries to jointly cope with climate change. It is necessary to have a reasonable mandatory legal system as a safeguard. Coordinating the application of the compulsory licensing system in the TRIPS Agreement (Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights) is a good solution to the current dilemma. Therefore, this paper introduces the current situation of international transfer of climate change technology, analyzes the shortcomings of the relevant treaties and the system in adjusting this field, and emphasizes on the international transfer of climate change technology that should be applied to the compulsory licensing system. Finally, it is concluded that the loopholes existing in the existing laws and regulations should be improved and developed and developing countries should be allowed to abandon their self-interest and fulfill their relevant obligations in line with the purpose of jointly dealing with climate change. To contribute to the protection of the global climate environment.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D996.9

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