从平行进口问题看权利用尽原则的国际协调

发布时间：2018-03-15 17:56

本文选题：平行进口　切入点：权利用尽原则　出处：《华东政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着各国知识产权密集产业比重的增加,在国际贸易中涉及知识产权的问题越来越多,平行进口即是其中之一。由于平行进口对很多国家的经济都产生了不可忽视的影响,于是,各国站在自己的立场上纷纷对平行进口问题表明态度,或允许或禁止,争议很大。其争议的根本分歧在于各国或出于对知识产权政策的考量,或出于对本国现阶段经济的保护,对于平行进口应适用何种知识产权用尽原则立法态度不一。这种巨大的国别差异使得当前的知识产权权利用尽原则在国际范围内的适用具有不确定性和模糊性,在国际贸易的安全性,自由贸易的促进以及全球福利的增加等方面都造成了许多负面的影响。对于这一现状,最理想的状况应当是各国共同努力,加强沟通协调解决。然而,目前最具影响力的TRIPs协议却将这一问题留给各国立法自行处理,不得不说是一个重大的遗憾。针对此现象,笔者创新地提出在全球范围内构建权利用尽原则的国际协调模式的设想,力图构建一个既能从整体上增加全球福利,又能在特殊情况下保证实体公平的机制。本文分三章进行论述: 第一章笔者选取了我国、美国及欧盟作为研究对象,分别对上述国家的专利、商标和著作权领域的权利用尽原则立法及司法现状进行简介和讨论。第二章通过分析上述国家之间有关权利用尽原则相关法律机制存在的差异,指出权利用尽原则的立法差异导致了多方面的负面影响,揭示出在国际层面协调权利用尽原则的必要性。第三章提出了解决上述问题的国际协调实现路径。分三个层面进行讨论:第一层次,笔者对可能建立的几种可能性国际协调模式分别进行了阐述;第二层次,寻求国际协调模式的目的在于解决平行进口问题,而平行进口问题产生争议的根源在于它和各国的经济之间越来越紧密的联系,因此,国际协调模式的优劣性必然需要站在法经济学的角度进行论证。在本节,笔者对采取不同权利用尽原则下的平行进口问题进行了法经济学角度讨论,为挑选最优的国际协调模式提供了重要依据;第三层次,笔者首先在上述结论的指导下,对前述可能的国际协调模式分别进行对比,从而在经济学基础上挑选出了能够实现全球福利最大化的国际协调模式;其次,针对该模式固有的缺陷进行讨论,提出了弥补该缺陷的措施,从而最终得出了可采取的,具有可行性的,最优国际协调模式。
[Abstract]:With the increasing proportion of intellectual property intensive industries in various countries, there are more and more problems involving intellectual property rights in international trade, and parallel import is one of them. Therefore, countries stand on their own position on the issue of parallel import, or permit or prohibit, controversial. The fundamental difference in the dispute lies in whether countries are considering their intellectual property policies or protecting their economies at this stage. There are different attitudes in legislation on the principle of exhaustion of intellectual property rights to be applied to parallel imports. This huge country-specific difference makes the current application of the principle of exhaustion of intellectual property rights in the international context uncertain and ambiguous. The security of international trade, the promotion of free trade and the increase in global welfare have had many negative effects. The ideal situation for this situation should be for countries to work together to strengthen communication and coordination of solutions. It is a great pity that the most influential TRIPs protocol leaves this issue to national legislations. In view of this phenomenon, the author innovatively puts forward the idea of constructing the international coordination model of the principle of exhaustion of rights in the global scope, and tries to construct a mechanism which can increase the global welfare as a whole and guarantee the entity fairness under the special circumstances. This paper is divided into three chapters:. In the first chapter, the author selects our country, the United States and the European Union as the research object, respectively to the patent, the trademark and the copyright domain the right exhaustion principle legislation and the judicature present situation to carry on the brief introduction and the discussion. The second chapter points out that the legislative differences of the principle of exhaustion of rights lead to many negative effects through the analysis of the differences in the legal mechanisms related to the principle of exhaustion of rights among the above-mentioned countries. It reveals the necessity of coordinating the principle of exhaustion of rights at the international level. In the third chapter, the realization path of international coordination is put forward to solve the above problems. It is discussed in three aspects: the first level, the author expounds several possible models of international coordination, the second level, The aim of the search for a model of international coordination is to resolve the problem of parallel imports, which is at the root of the dispute arising from its increasingly close links with the economies of each country. The advantages and disadvantages of international coordination mode must be demonstrated from the angle of law and economics. In this section, the author discusses the problem of parallel import under the principle of exhaustion of different rights from the point of view of law and economics. It provides an important basis for selecting the best international coordination model. At the third level, under the guidance of the above conclusions, the author compares the above-mentioned possible international coordination models respectively. Therefore, the model of international coordination which can maximize global welfare is selected on the basis of economics. Secondly, the inherent defects of the model are discussed, and the measures to remedy this defect are put forward. Feasible, optimal international coordination model.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.1

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