南海油气田资源开发的法律研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 15:08

本文选题：南海　切入点：油气资源　出处：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自2009年2月以来,南海局势骤然紧张,东南亚国家纷纷采取行动,打破了南海上长久以来的平静。2月17日,菲律宾国会通过了“领海基线法案”,把我国的黄岩岛和南沙群岛部分岛礁划分为菲律宾领土;5月6日,马来西亚同越南联合向联合国大陆架界限委员会,提交了他们各自在南海南部的200海里外大陆架“划界案”;5月7日,越南又单独提交了南海中部部分地区的外大陆架“划界案”。1南海各国近期的行动主要是出于大陆架划界的最后期限将至所致。然而究其根本原因则是对南海丰富的油气资源的吸引。南海除具备优越的地理位置,其石油、天然气等矿产资源丰富,堪称“小波斯湾”。当今世界石油的储量已经成为衡量一国的重要指标,拥有油气资源可以促进本国的经济增长,改善社会经济状况,提升一国的综合国力,因此各国已纷纷把战略目标定在进一步对油气的勘探开发上。然而南海由于特殊的地理、历史、法律等原因,导致存在各国各占一方的局面,资源未能充分开发利用,因此研究南海油气田勘探开发的法律问题具备现实意义和理论意义。全文结合国际法的理论与实践对南海油气田开发的法律问题进行分析,主体分为五个部分:作为题引第一部分阐述了南海油气资源勘探现状,分别列举了马来西亚、印度尼西亚、文莱、越南、菲律宾和中国对南海油气田开发情况。第二部分详尽介绍了南海油气田开发的法律基础,对大陆架制度、沿海国在大陆架的主权权利进行阐述,概括说明大陆架与专属经济区的关系,同时阐释了大陆架划界的基本原则——公平原则,大陆架划界与共同开发的关系。第三部分重点介绍南海油气田开发与共同开发制度,南海油气资源勘探开发有多种解决方案,通过分析共同开发是最切实可行的,结合南海的现状更适合于重叠海域的共同开发这一类型;同时探讨了共同开发的法律特征与法律地位,从政治、经济、法律和社会文化四个方面综合剖析了南海油气田共同开发的影响因素,以便促成共同开发的顺利开展。第四部分则从海洋油气田共同开发的国际实践着手,用三个具体案例再次论证共同开发的必要性与可行性。成功的国际实践给南海进行共同开发提供最有价值的参考文本。第五部分归纳了南海周边国家提出解决南海问题的方案,整理近些年来南海周边国家共同开发的进展,例如中菲、中越、中印尼的谈判进程,通过比较分析总结出:南海油气资源共同开发应解决的问题,即共同开发区的选择、共同开发的主体、共同开发的项目。南海油气田共同开发任重而道远,需要南海各方的共同努力。
[Abstract]:Since February 2009, tensions have erupted in the South China Sea, and Southeast Asian countries have taken action to break the long-held calm in the South China Sea. February 17th, The Philippine Congress passed the baseline Act for the Territorial Sea, which divides our Huangyan Island and some of the Nansha Islands islands into Philippine territory; in May 6th, Malaysia and Viet Nam jointly submitted to the United Nations Commission on the limits of the Continental Shelf, Made their respective "submission" on the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles in the southern part of the South China Sea; on May 7th, Viet Nam has also made separate "submissions" on the outer continental shelf in parts of the central South China Sea..1 recent actions by the South China Sea countries are mainly due to the approaching deadline for the delimitation of the continental shelf. However, the root cause is the abundance of the South China Sea. The South China Sea, in addition to its superior geographical location, It is rich in oil, natural gas and other mineral resources, and can be called the "Little Persian Gulf." the oil reserves of the world today have become an important indicator of a country. Having oil and gas resources can promote the country's economic growth and improve its social and economic situation. As a result of improving a country's comprehensive national strength, all countries have set their strategic objectives on further exploration and development of oil and gas. However, due to special geographical, historical, legal and other reasons, the South China Sea has a situation in which each country occupies one side. Therefore, it is of practical and theoretical significance to study the legal problems of oil and gas field exploration and development in the South China Sea. Based on the theory and practice of international law, this paper analyzes the legal problems of oil and gas field development in the South China Sea. The main body is divided into five parts: as the first part, the present situation of oil and gas resources exploration in the South China Sea is expounded, and Malaysia is listed respectively. Development of South China Sea oil and gas fields in Indonesia, Brunei, Vietnam, Philippines and China. The second part introduces in detail the legal basis of oil and gas field development in the South China Sea, expounds the system of continental shelf and the sovereign rights of coastal States in the continental shelf, and generalizes the relationship between continental shelf and exclusive economic zone. At the same time, it explains the basic principle of continental shelf delimitation-equity principle, and the relationship between continental shelf delimitation and joint development. The third part focuses on the South China Sea oil and gas field development and joint development system, the South China Sea oil and gas resources exploration and development has a variety of solutions, through the analysis of joint development is the most feasible. Combined with the present situation of the South China Sea, it is more suitable for the joint development of overlapping sea areas. At the same time, it discusses the legal characteristics and legal status of joint development, from the political and economic aspects, Four aspects of law and social culture comprehensively analyzed the influence factors of the joint development of the South China Sea oil and gas fields in order to promote the smooth development of the joint development. The 4th part starts with the international practice of joint development of offshore oil and gas fields and proves the necessity and feasibility of joint development with three concrete cases. The successful international practice provides the most valuable reference text for the joint development of the South China Sea. In the 5th part, the author summarizes the plans proposed by the neighboring countries in the South China Sea to solve the South China Sea problem, and collates the progress of joint development of the neighboring countries in the South China Sea in recent years, such as the negotiation process between China and the Philippines, China and Vietnam, and China and. Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that the problems to be solved in the joint development of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea, namely, the selection of common development zones, the main body of joint development, and the joint development projects, the joint development of oil and gas fields in the South China Sea has a long way to go. It needs the joint efforts of all parties in the South China Sea.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D993.5

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