国际实践中国际习惯法发展趋势研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 01:09

本文选题：国际习惯　切入点：国际习惯法　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国际习惯是国际法的重要渊源之一,但在国际法理论体系中,国际习惯法一直处于比较尴尬的地位,争议非常之多。国际习惯由于在准确性、直观性、可把握性以及可预见性上的模糊表现,导致其在当代国际法理论体系中的地位不断下降。但事实上,国际习惯作为法律依据在国际争端解决中所起的作用实际上远远超出了人们的一般看法。从国际习惯的传统概念着手,以现今国际社会的相关案例与学说为研究对象,通过法哲学、国际社会本位观和实证分析等角度对国际习惯法理论和实践进行多维考察,以期对国际习惯法理论体系的发展趋势有一个比较全面、客观的把握。第一章主要介绍与探讨传统国际习惯(法)的基本概念与传统国际习惯法理论的基本框架,包括：第一,传统的国际习惯法概念,目的是给出关于国际习惯法的一般描述,并对国际习惯法与国际习惯两个概念进行必要的界分；第二,国际习惯在国际社会和国内社会的运用传统方式,旨在于指出当代国际法理论对国际习惯法的忽视以及实践中国际习惯法的重要性。第二章在第一章的基础上分析了传统国际习惯法在当今国际社会中面临的困境与难题。该章从理论和实践两方面入手,分析传统国际习惯法遭遇困境的原因,指出传统国际习惯法本身的理论局限。第三章对国际习惯法规范构成的现有理论做了一个总体评述,将之纳入对“双渊源模式论”和“单渊源模式论”两大类,并进行了比较详细的论述和评论。同时分别评析了这两种渊源模式下的典型案例,以期从理论和实践两方面对新近的国际习惯法发展有一个深入了解。第四章基于第三章所展示的理论与实践,概括归纳了当代国际习惯法在定义、效力、定位、功能、构成机制与适用方式上的变化,并在此基础上进行了合理演绎以得出一个合理的未来预期。结语部分对国际习惯法的未来做出了合理并简单的展望。诚然,要最终准确预测国际习惯法的未来是非常困难的,但只要给予国际习惯法理论和实践以足够的重视,国际习惯法必将能够充分发挥它作为正义之国际法规范应有的作用。
[Abstract]:International custom is one of the important sources of international law, but in the theoretical system of international law, customary international law is always in an awkward position and there are many disputes. The vague expression of controllability and predictability has led to its declining status in the contemporary system of international law. But in fact, The role of international custom as a legal basis in international dispute settlement has actually gone far beyond the general view. Starting from the traditional concept of international custom, this paper takes the relevant cases and doctrines of the international community as the object of study. This paper makes a multidimensional investigation on the theory and practice of international customary law from the perspectives of legal philosophy, international social standard and empirical analysis, in order to have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the development trend of international customary law theory system. The first chapter mainly introduces and discusses the basic concepts of the traditional customary international law and the basic framework of the traditional theory of customary international law, including: first, the traditional concept of customary international law, the purpose of which is to give a general description of customary international law. And the two concepts of international customary law and international custom are divided into two necessary boundaries. Secondly, the application of international customary law in the international community and domestic society in traditional ways, The purpose is to point out the neglect of international customary law in contemporary international law theory and the importance of international customary law in practice. The second chapter analyzes the difficulties and difficulties of the traditional international customary law in the international society on the basis of the first chapter. This chapter analyzes the reasons for the difficulties encountered by the traditional international customary law in both theory and practice. Points out the theoretical limitation of the traditional international customary law itself. The third chapter makes a general comment on the existing theories of the norms of international customary law, and brings them into the two categories of "two-source mode theory" and "single-source mode theory". At the same time, this paper analyzes the typical cases under these two kinds of origin models in order to have a deep understanding of the recent development of international customary law in both theory and practice. Based on the theory and practice shown in Chapter 3, Chapter 4th summarizes the changes in the definition, validity, orientation, function, constitution mechanism and application of contemporary customary international law. On this basis, reasonable deduction is made to obtain a reasonable expectation for the future. The conclusion part makes a reasonable and simple outlook on the future of international customary law. Admittedly, it is very difficult to predict the future of international customary law in the end, but as long as the theory and practice of international customary law are given sufficient attention, International customary law will be able to give full play to its role as a just norm of international law.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D99

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