国际人道法视角下私营军事安保公司雇员的法律地位研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 22:35

本文选题：私营军事安保公司雇员　切入点：国际人道法　出处：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪90年代以来,私营军事安保公司(Private Military and Security Companies,PMSCs)开始迅速发展,并越来越多的出现在武装冲突中。但是,由于私营军事安保公司雇员的法律地位在国际人道法中没有被明确,有的学者质疑国际人道法中私营军事安保公司雇员的地位,并声称其活动于“法律真空”中。本文力图通过对现行国际人道法和有关国际法发展的分析,对国际人道法下私营军事安保公司雇员的法律地位加以确定。本文将分为四部分,围绕以上问题展开论述。第一部分将对私营军事安保公司雇员做相应的背景介绍,包括其产生、发展和业务范围,以及产生的法律问题。第二部分将尝试从现有国际人道法条约角度对私营军事安保公司的雇员进行法律地位的确定,即其为雇佣兵、战斗员或者平民的可能性。第三部分着重介绍有关私营军事安保公司雇员法律地位的最新国际法发展,即由红十字国际委员会和瑞士政府发起并由国家达成谅解的《蒙特勒文件》,结合该问题对此文件加以分析。第四部分得出结论:私营军事安保公司雇员的在国际人道法中的地位是可以被确定的,雇员的活动必须尊重和遵守国际人道法。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, private Military and Security PMSCs have grown rapidly and are increasingly emerging in armed conflict. Since the legal status of employees of PMSCs is not clear in international humanitarian law, some scholars question the status of employees of PMSCs in international humanitarian law. This paper attempts to determine the legal status of employees of private military security companies under international humanitarian law through an analysis of existing international humanitarian law and related developments in international law. The first part will give a background introduction to the employees of PMSCs, including their emergence, development and scope of business. And the legal issues that arise. The second part will attempt to determine the legal status of employees of private military security companies in the context of existing international humanitarian law treaties, that is, mercenaries, The possibility of combatants or civilians. Part III highlights recent developments in international law concerning the legal status of employees of private military security companies, The Montreux document, initiated by the International Committee of the Red Cross and the Swiss Government and understood by the State, is analysed in the context of this issue. The status of humanitarian law can be determined, Employees must respect and abide by international humanitarian law in their activities.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D995

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