农民留种行为与品种权的冲突及其解决——立足于美国“农民留种免责”规则的考察

发布时间：2018-03-23 14:34

本文选题：美国　切入点：农民留种行为　出处：《华东理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2010年06期

【摘要】：本文从兼顾保护农民权益与转基因农作物育种人的品种权的角度出发,研究美国农民留种免责规则的基本架构。就故意留种行为而言,农民有权不经育种人授权而留存、种植和销售授权产品的种子,但繁殖不得超越合理数量,不得出于商业目的而繁殖授权品种、销售种子的数量应当合理。就无意留种行为而言,该行为的侵权认定需要考量农民的主观意图,损害赔偿采取"侵权收益计算法"而非"专利损失计算法"。育种人针对农民留种行为的专利保护措施有技术授权合同的限制条款、终结者基因技术等。在此基础上,指出我国的立法缺陷包括"专利权合理容忍限度"的范围有待辨明,农民的无意留种行为与品种权的冲突解决机制尚待完善等。
[Abstract]:From the angle of protecting farmers' rights and interests and the breeders' variety rights of genetically modified crops, this paper studies the basic structure of American farmers' exemption rules for keeping seeds. As far as the behavior of intentional seed keeping is concerned, farmers have the right to remain without the authorization of breeders. "to plant and sell seeds of authorized products, provided that reproduction shall not exceed a reasonable number, that authorized varieties shall not be propagated for commercial purposes, and that the number of seeds to be sold shall be reasonable... as far as the act of unintentional seed retention is concerned," The tort determination of this act needs to consider the farmers' subjective intention, and the compensation for damages should be calculated by the method of calculating the revenue of infringement rather than the method of calculating the loss of patent. The breeders' patent protection measures against the farmers' behavior of keeping seeds have the limitation clause of the technical authorization contract. On the basis of this, the author points out that the limitation of our country's legislation includes the scope of "reasonable tolerance limit of patent right" to be identified, and the conflict resolution mechanism between farmers' unintentional seed retention behavior and variety right is still to be perfected, etc.
【作者单位】：华东理工大学法学院;
【分类号】：D923.42;D997.1

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