国际贸易中专利产品平行进口及我国应对法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 13:00

本文选题：平行进口　切入点：专利权　出处：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：专利产品平行进口,是指在国际货物贸易中,未经进口国专利权人授权,将专利权人或其他被许可人投放于境外市场的产品进口至境内的行为。目前对于该问题存在两种主流观点：允许和禁止平行进口。允许平行进口对于平行进口商和消费者来说能带来一定的利益,但是会损害权利人的利益；禁止平行进口则有可能导致出现权利垄断,影响商品自由贸易。不同国家对这个问题持不同态度的主要原因在于利益的取向。对专利技术较强的国家来说,禁止平行进口可以保证权利人的利益最大化,从而贡献于本国的经济；对于不发达的经济体来说,允许平行进口不但可以使本国消费者得到较大的实惠,更加能够促进本国经济的发展,促进经济技术的提升。禁止平行进口的国家一般采用是权利国内穷尽原则,代表国家是美国、意大利、比利时；而允许的国家则采取权利国际穷尽原则,代表国家是中国、新加坡和日本。中国现行《专利法》是2008年修改2009年施行的,明确了我国适用权利国际穷尽原则,允许平行进口。这一规定符合我国现实的国情,但是准入门槛过低,因此,建议我国适用较为中立的默示许可原则。默示许可原则是以允许平行进口行为存在为前提,采用契约的形式对平行进口行为进行限制,如果没有限制则视为允许平行进口,由法官判断是否存在默示许可情形,由于自由裁量权的存在,可以更好的保证国家利益。
[Abstract]:Parallel import of patented products means that, in international trade in goods, the patent holder of the importing country has not authorized it, The act of importing products placed on the overseas market by the patentee or other licensee. There are two prevailing views on this issue: allowing and prohibiting parallel imports and allowing parallel imports to parallel importers. And consumers can bring certain benefits, However, the interests of the obligee will be damaged, and the prohibition of parallel import may lead to a monopoly of rights and affect the free trade of goods. The main reason why different countries hold different attitudes to this problem lies in the orientation of interests. For countries with strong patent technology, prohibiting parallel imports can ensure the maximization of the interests of the obligee and thus contribute to the national economy. For the underdeveloped economies, allowing parallel imports not only benefits their consumers more, but also promotes the development of their economies. To promote economic and technological upgrading. Countries that prohibit parallel imports generally adopt the principle of domestic exhaustion of rights, representing the United States, Italy and Belgium; and countries that allow them to adopt the principle of international exhaustion of rights, representing China. Singapore and Japan. The current Patent Law of China was amended in 2008 and implemented in 2009, which makes clear that China applies the principle of international exhaustion of rights and permits parallel imports. This provision conforms to the actual situation of our country, but the threshold of entry is too low, so, It is suggested that our country should apply the relatively neutral implied license principle. The implied license principle is based on allowing the existence of parallel import behavior, and uses the form of contract to restrict parallel import behavior, and if there is no restriction, it is regarded as allowing parallel import. Judging by the judge whether there is implied permission, because of the existence of discretion, can better protect the national interests.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.1;D923.42

【引证文献】