WTO多哈回合谈判小组主席法律地位研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 20:25

本文选题：WTO　切入点：多哈回合　出处：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：多哈回合自启动以来，历经十几年，谈判进程依然举步维艰。2013年12月3日至12月7日，在印尼巴厘岛举行WTO第九届部长级会议，会议通过“巴厘岛一揽子协议”的阶段性成果，但多哈回合仍未结束。谈判小组主席对多哈回合谈判进程造成了一定的影响，这是本文研究WTO非常设机构主席，尤其是负责具体议题的谈判小组主席法律地位问题的出发点。本文第一部分是文献综述，分析了国内外的学术研究情况。国内学者对WTO多哈回合谈判小组主席的研究比较少，主要关注多哈回合谈判的进展情况，通过分析多哈回合的现状，指出谈判中存在的问题，阐释谈判屡陷僵局的原因，，并为多哈回合谈判提出意见和建议。国外学者对WTO多哈回合谈判小组主席的论述相对较多，既有从理论上对谈判小组主席权力来源与行使展开研究，也有从实证角度对谈判小组主席的职能发挥进行分析。国内外学者的研究对于我们深入了解WTO多哈回合谈判小组主席有重要的借鉴意义。第二部分论述了WTO多哈回合谈判小组主席的理论基础。该部分从理论上回应了多边谈判的三个关键问题：谈判小组主席的职责来源、权力优势以及对谈判的影响等。由于多边谈判议题与成员的复杂性和多元性，成员自主谈判会遭遇议程失败、谈判失败与代表失败等困境，因此需要授权谈判小组主席管理议程，作为协调员和代表对谈判进行有效管理。通过成员方的授权，谈判小组主席享有信息与程序方面的特权，谈判小组主席可以利用这些权力优势来影响谈判结果，或者促进各方达成共识，或者导致不平衡的谈判结果，阻碍共识的达成。第三部分介绍了WTO多哈回合谈判小组主席的概况。在谈判小组主席的理论基础上，分析多哈回合谈判的概况，厘清谈判小组主席的概念，追溯谈判小组主席自多哈回合启动以来的历史演变过程,为进一步分析谈判小组主席的法律地位奠定基础。第四部分介绍了《多哈部长宣言》、《总理事会主席声明》和《任命WTO各机构官员指南》等相关规定，分析WTO现有规则对谈判小组主席的法律定位。第五部分评估了谈判小组主席在实践中的功能发挥与绩效。NAMA谈判小组主席在主持谈判的过程中，未能认真听取各方意见，偏袒发达成员，提出不均衡的主席案文，遭到发展中成员的反对，发达成员与发展中成员的利益冲突导致谈判失败。与此相反，农业谈判小组主席采取了更具包容性的谈判模式，认真听取各方意见，提出综合反映各方立场的主席案文，促进成员方达成共识。谈判小组主席采取不同的战术，产生了不同的结果，对谈判造成不同的影响。第六部分指出谈判小组主席遭遇的法律困境，包括法律规定不完善、法律职责不清晰和法律约束不充分等。最后一部分针对上述法律困境，提出相应的对策,以期为未来多边贸易回合谈判实践提供非正式的建议。
[Abstract]:Since the Doha Round was launched, after more than ten years, the negotiation process is still struggling. From December 3 to December 7, 2013, the WTO Ninth Ministerial Conference, held in Bali, Indonesia, adopted the phased outcome of the Bali package Agreement. However, the Doha Round is still not over. The Chairman of the negotiating Group has a certain impact on the negotiation process of the Doha Round, which is the starting point of this paper to study the legal status of the chairmen of the WTO non-permanent bodies, especially the chairs of the negotiating groups in charge of specific issues. The first part of this paper is a literature review, which analyzes the academic research situation at home and abroad. Domestic scholars have done little research on the chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiation Group, focusing on the progress of the Doha Round negotiation. By analyzing the present situation of the Doha Round, pointing out the problems existing in the negotiations, explaining the reasons for the repeated deadlock of the negotiations, and putting forward opinions and suggestions for the Doha Round negotiations, the foreign scholars have made relatively more exposition on the chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiation Group. Having theoretically studied the sources and exercise of the powers of the Chairman of the negotiating Group, There is also an empirical analysis of the role of the chair of the negotiating group. The research of scholars at home and abroad has important significance for us to understand the chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiation group. The second part deals with the theoretical basis of the chairs of the WTO Doha Round negotiating Group, which theoretically responds to three key issues in multilateral negotiations: the source of the mandate of the Chair of the negotiating Group. Due to the complexity and diversity of multilateral negotiation issues and members, members will suffer from failure of agenda, failure of negotiation and failure of representatives, etc. It is therefore necessary to empower the Chairman of the negotiating Group to manage the agenda and to act as coordinator and representative in the effective management of the negotiations... through the mandate of the members, the Chair of the negotiating Group enjoys information and procedural privileges, The chairman of the negotiating group may use these power advantages to influence the outcome of the negotiation, or to promote consensus among the parties, or to lead to an unbalanced outcome of the negotiation, and to hinder the achievement of the consensus. The third part introduces the general situation of the Chairman of the WTO Doha Round negotiating Group. On the basis of the theory of the Chair of the negotiating Group, it analyzes the general situation of the Doha Round negotiation and clarifies the concept of the Chair of the negotiating Group. Tracing the historical evolution of the Chair of the negotiating Group since the launch of the Doha Round, Providing a basis for further analysis of the legal status of the Chairman of the negotiating Group. Part IV introduces relevant provisions such as the Doha Ministerial Declaration, the Presidential statement of the General Council and the Guide to the appointment of officials of WTO institutions, Analyze the legal position of the WTO's existing rules on the chairman of the negotiating group. Part V assesses the functioning of the Chair of the negotiating Group in practice and its performance. The Chair of the NAMA negotiating Group, in conducting the negotiations, failed to listen carefully to the views of the parties, favour the developed members and put forward an unbalanced presidential text, Against the opposition of developing members, conflicts of interest between developed and developing members have led to the failure of negotiations... on the contrary, the Chairman of the negotiating Group on Agriculture has adopted a more inclusive negotiating model, listening carefully to the views of all parties, A chairman's text reflecting the positions of all parties is proposed to facilitate the members to reach a consensus. The chairman of the negotiating group adopts different tactics and produces different results, which have different effects on the negotiations. The sixth part points out the legal difficulties encountered by the Chairman of the negotiating Group, including imperfect legal provisions, unclear legal responsibilities and inadequate legal constraints. In order to provide informal suggestions for the future multilateral trade round negotiation practice.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D996

【参考文献】