《巴塞尔公约》框架下危险废物越境转移法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 19:47

本文选题：巴塞尔公约　切入点：危险废物　出处：《东北林业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科技水平的不断发展,人类的物质生活水平得到极大提高。在物质生活得到极大丰富的同时,危险废物也随之大量产生。危险废物由于具有较强的危害性,如果处理不当,将会对危险废物储存地的人类健康和生态安全产生极大的威胁。发达国家为了减少危险废物给本国带来危害,通过多种途径将危险废物转移到发展中国家。危险废物的大量转移,给发展中国家的国民健康和生态安全带来了巨大的威胁。为了避免发展中国家沦为发达国家危险废物的集散地,需要对发达国家向发展中国家转移危险废物的行为进行有效的控制。目前,控制危险废物越境转移的全球性公约是《巴塞尔公约》。公约作为第一部控制危险废物越境转移的全球性公约,在控制危险废物越境转移方面发挥了巨大的作用。并且公约在控制危险废物越境转移的许多规定上进行了创新,为其他控制危险废物越境转移的区域性公约提供了有力借鉴。但是《巴塞尔公约》作为一部发达国家和发展中国家相互妥协的产物,公约同样在很多方面存在不足,需要对《巴塞尔公约》及其框架下的危险废物越境转移法律制度进行完善。同时,我国作为公约的缔约国之一,在危险废物越境转移问题上面临着严峻的考验,需要在《巴塞尔公约》框架下对我国控制危险废物越境转移法律制度进行完善,使我国控制危险废物越境转移的法律制度能够更好的应对危险废物越境转移的新形势。本文将分四个部分对《巴塞尔公约》框架下危险废物越境转移法律制度进行研究。第一部分对危险废物和危险废物越境转移的概念进行界定,接下来分析危险废物越境转移的原因,并指出危险废物越境转移带来的危害。第二部分对《巴塞尔公约》形成和发展进行介绍,引伸出公约的王要内容,从而总结出公约制定和实施的意义。第三部分指出公约存在的不足,并针对公约目前存在的不足提出完善的建议。第四部分介绍我国作为公约的缔约国在履行公约方面所进行的努力,同时也指出我国控制危险废物越境转移法律制度仍然还有许多需要完善的地方,并结合这些不完善的地方提出完善的设想。通过对《巴塞尔公约》及其框架下的危险废物越境转移法律制度的完善,对危险废物越境转移进行有效的控制。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the material living standards of human beings have been greatly improved.At the same time, hazardous wastes are produced in large quantities.Due to its strong harmfulness, hazardous wastes will pose a great threat to the human health and ecological safety of hazardous waste storage sites if they are not handled properly.In order to reduce the harm caused by hazardous wastes, developed countries transfer hazardous wastes to developing countries in many ways.The mass transfer of hazardous waste poses a great threat to national health and ecological security in developing countries.In order to prevent developing countries from becoming the distribution center of hazardous wastes in developed countries, it is necessary to effectively control the transfer of hazardous wastes from developed countries to developing countries.At present, the Global Convention on the Control of Transboundary movements of Hazardous wastes is the Basel Convention.As the first global convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes, the convention plays an important role in the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.And the convention has innovated on many regulations of controlling the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes, which has provided reference for other regional conventions on the control of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.But the Basel Convention, as a product of compromise between developed and developing countries, is also deficient in many ways.The Basel Convention and its legal regime for transboundary movement of hazardous wastes need to be improved.At the same time, as one of the parties to the Convention, China is faced with a severe test on the issue of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes. It is necessary to perfect the legal system of controlling the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the framework of the Basel Convention.So that the legal system of controlling the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes in China can better deal with the new situation of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.In this paper, the legal system of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the framework of Basel Convention is studied in four parts.The first part defines the concept of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and hazardous wastes, then analyzes the causes of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and points out the hazards caused by transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.In the second part, the formation and development of the Basel Convention are introduced, the content of the Convention is extended, and the significance of the establishment and implementation of the Convention is summed up.The third part points out the shortcomings of the convention and puts forward some suggestions.The fourth part describes our country's efforts to implement the Convention as a party to the Convention, and points out that there is still much to be done in our legal system for the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.And combine these imperfect places to put forward perfect idea.By perfecting the legal system of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes under the Basel Convention and its framework, we can effectively control the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.9

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