论国外民商事裁判在中国大陆的承认与执行

发布时间：2018-04-08 11:16

本文选题：民商事裁判　切入点：《纽约公约》　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家间经济往来的日益密切,国际民商事司法协助也随之变得越来越重要。民商事裁判在裁判地以外的国家得到承认和执行,既有助于增强跨国间民商事活动的司法保障,又能节省司法资源,同时也能便宜当事人寻求司法救济。在过去的近三十年时间里,中国大陆不断增强与外界的沟通和联系,在民商事裁判跨国承认与执行方面取得了不菲的成果。加入《纽约公约》、同34个国家签订包含民商事裁判跨国承认与执行的双边条约以及颁布关于中国公民申请承认外国法院离婚判决的规定,构成了中国大陆承认与执行外国民商事裁判的框架性规范。对于国外民商事裁判在中国大陆的承认与执行,中国大陆的学者通常是把国外民商事裁判区分为仲裁裁决和法院裁判两部分来分别研究的。而笔者认为,在研究国外仲裁裁决和外国法院裁判等国外民商事裁判在中国大陆的承认与执行时,不宜将二者割裂开来:首先,两者在中国大陆承认与执行的主管机关相同、适用的程序相同、审查标准及后续处理方式也大致相同;第二,中国大陆与34个国家签订的司法协助条约中,对仲裁裁决和法院判决大多是作为一类规定的;最后,仲裁的私法性和法院裁判的公法性不影响其在中国大陆承认与执行的过程。对国外民商事裁判区分为两类进行研究,不利于实践中相关制度的建立。因此,本文对国外民商事裁判的类型并未按仲裁裁决和法院裁判做刻意地区分,而是按照法律渊源的不同来组织论述的。本论文分三部分:第一部分论述了可在中国大陆承认与执行的民商事裁判的范围。该部分采用对当前相关法律渊源进行梳理和归纳的方法,按照法律渊源的不同,将国际公约、双边条约和互惠原则下的可承认与执行的民商事裁判分别加以列明。第二部分则论述了中国大陆对国外民商事裁判承认与执行的一般制度,按承认与执行的流程,分别论述了申请的提出、对请求的审查、裁定的作出、执行中的特殊情形以及期间费用等几个部分,其中最核心的是“申请应附的材料”和“不予承认与执行的情形”两部分。第三部分则是在前两部分的基础上,论述了外国民商事裁判在中国大陆承认与执行的问题与完善。本部分主要针对可承认与执行的国外民商事裁判的范围、请求承认与执行应提交的材料、审查的形式规范和期间等方面,提出了当前存在的问题和相关建议。全文主要以总结归纳的形式,将国外民商事裁判在中国大陆承认与执行进行了框架性梳理,从中发现某些问题并提出了一些建议。希望本文能为国外民商事裁判在中国大陆承认与执行的后续研究及相关制度的完善提供一定参考。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly close economic ties between countries, international civil and commercial judicial assistance becomes more and more important. The National Civil referee referee in other recognized and enforced, it will help to enhance the judicial protection of transnational civil and commercial activities, but also can save the judicial resources, but also cheap parties to seek judicial relief.
In the past thirty years, Chinese, strengthen communication and contact with the outside world, in the international civil and commercial judgment recognition and enforcement achieved a lot. "Join the New York Convention", with 34 countries signed Bao Hanmin tocommercial judgment recognition and enforcement of international bilateral treaties and promulgated regulations on Chinese citizenship recognition of a divorce judgment of a foreign court, a China, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in civil and commercial matters in the framework of the standard.
For the implementation of foreign civil and commercial China, in recognition of the referee, China, scholars usually put foreign civil and commercial arbitration and court judge is divided into two parts to study the referee respectively. The author believes that, in the study of foreign arbitration and Adjudication in foreign civil and commercial matters, and Chinese admitted the referee in execution two, should not be separated: first of all, both in Chinese, admitted to the same with the competent authorities of execution, the same applicable procedures, standard of review and subsequent treatment are roughly the same; second, signed China, and judicial assistance treaties with 34 countries, and the court ruling on the arbitration award is mostly as a class the provisions of the law; finally, the public law and the court of arbitration in Chinese, does not affect the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in civil and commercial process. Divided into two categories in the study, It is not conducive to the establishment of relevant systems in practice. Therefore, this article does not deliberately distinguish the types of civil and commercial judgments in foreign countries according to the arbitral awards and the court adjudication, but it organizes the discussion according to the different sources of law.
This thesis is divided into three parts: the first part discusses the scope in China, recognition and enforcement of civil and commercial judgments. This part uses the method of combing and summarizing of current relevant legal sources, according to different sources of law, the international conventions, bilateral treaties and Hu Huiyuan is the recognition and enforcement of civil judgment are specified. The second part discusses the China, for general system of foreign civil and commercial judicial recognition and enforcement, according to the approval procedure and implementation, discusses the application of the proposed request for review, decision made, special circumstances in the implementation of and costs during the several parts of the core the two part is the application of the material should be "and" should not recognize and enforce the situation. The third part is on the basis of the two parts, discusses the foreign judgments in civil and commercial matters in the mainland and Chinese admit Problems and improvements in implementation. This section mainly focuses on the scope of foreign civil and commercial referees which can be recognized and executed, the materials to be submitted for recognition and enforcement, the format and duration of review, and puts forward some existing problems and related suggestions.
This paper mainly summarized the form of foreign civil and commercial Chinese, recognition and enforcement of judgment in the framework of combing, find some problems and put forward some suggestions. I hope this paper can improve the recognition and subsequent research, Chinese in execution and the related system of foreign civil and commercial judgments to provide a reference.

【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.3;D925.1

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