国际货物销售合同违约责任研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 22:14

本文选题：国际货物销售合同　切入点：违约　出处：《湖南师范大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：在国际货物销售合同关系中,除了获取合同预期利益之外,违约责任判定与承担应是当事人双方最为关切的问题。但目前学界对该问题缺乏较为全面系统的比较研究,因此加强对其违约责任的深入研究无疑十分重要和必要。在第一章“引论”部分,为给后文的展开做好铺垫,简要介绍了选题的缘起、目的与意义、研究的主要范围及规范对象、研究的方法等内容,并指出拟创新之处。第二章“国际货物销售合同违约责任的概念界定”：在分析了“国际货物销售合同”及其“违约责任”的概念、特征或基本构成等。同时,从罗马法、大陆法、英美判例法等和《公约》等国际法律规范出发,梳理了其理论嬗变的进程。第三章“国际货物销售合同违约责任的判定依据”：从违约行为、损害事实、因果关系与主观过错等方面论述了“违约”的内涵、特征及其基本构成。还就其违约判定的事实前提、法律依据、判定违约之法律冲突及其协调方法以及判定违约的规则等,展开了论述。第四章“国际货物销售合同违约的形态”：鉴于以合同义务来源为标准划分违约形态更契合各国法律现状与合同义务发展趋势,在探讨国际货物销售合同违约的形态时,论述了违反约定义务、违反法定义务和违反附随义务等三种违约形态。第五章“国际货物销售合同违约的责任与救济”：从违约责任和救济的理论出发,并区分不同的违约情形论述了相应的救济形式,以及在何种情形下可以免责的事由。第六章“国际货物销售合同违约的解释及法律适用规则”：要探讨判定国际货物销售合同违约的解释规则,则应先由解读国际货物销售合同解释规则的入手。本章涵盖了违约解释的理论与实践困境、方法与依据、一般原则和违约法律适用的规则解释等内容。第七章“国际货物销售合同违约责任分配的“平等”取向”：从国际民商法的有关法律规范中,找到“平等公允”的依据,并论证了其作为国际货物销售违约责任分配中的一种价值新趋向。本文在第八章“结论”部分指出了几点心得或者说结论：其一,国际货物销售合同应以“具有跨国因素”为判定标准。这有利于区别于纯国内货物销售合同,更有力地保护当事人权益。其二,国际货物销售合同违约责任的构成应依合同解释客观主义,排除“主观因素”要件,从而强化司法控制,更有力地均衡当事人权益。在违约责任的分配上,亦应注重“平等公允”的价值取向。其三,各国的差异性,导致对《公约》等统一合同法解释与适用的不一致。这必然要求违约解释中坚持国际法律规范体系内解释的方法,并坚持当事人自治原则和诚信原则。其四,合同义务来源的多样化已成现代合同法的一个重要发展趋势,以违反约定义务、法定义务和附随义务等为违约形态加以探讨,不失为一种新的有益尝试。而且,其救济方法亦应多元化,包括债权救济、物权救济和其他救济。
[Abstract]:In the contract for the international sale of goods contract relationship, in addition to obtaining the expected benefits, and should bear the liability for breach of contract to determine the parties most concerned issues. But the academic lack of comparative comprehensive and systematic research on this problem, so to strengthen is very important and necessary to study deeply on the liability for breach of contract.
The first chapter is "Introduction", which lays a solid foundation for the development of the later text. It briefly introduces the origin, purpose and significance of the topic, the main scope of the study, the object of the standardization, the research methods and so on, and points out the innovation.
The second chapter "the concept of liability for breach of contract for the international sale of goods: the analysis of the definition of" contract "in the international sale of goods and the concept of" breach of responsibility ", features or basic structure. At the same time, from the Rome law, civil law, common law and conventions and other international law > < specification of the comb the theory of evolution process.
The third chapter "the criterion of liability for breach of contract for the international sale of goods": from the default behavior, damage fact, discusses the "default" connotation of causality and subjective fault, characteristics and basic structure. Also the fact premise of judging breach of legal basis, legal conflicts and sentenced to breach of the rules and methods of coordination the default judgment, is discussed.
The fourth chapter "form" breach of contract for the international sale of goods: due to the obligations of the contract for breach of obligation standard conforms to the development trend and current situation of each country in the study of contract law, breach of contract for the international sale of goods form, discusses the breach of contractual obligations, breach of statutory obligations and breach of collateral obligation and other three kinds of forms of breach of contract.
The fifth chapter is "the responsibility and relief of breach of contract in international sale of goods": starting from the theory of breach of contract liability and relief, and differentiating different defaults, it discusses the corresponding relief forms and the circumstances under which circumstances can be exempt from liability.
The sixth chapter "breach of contract for the international sale of goods and interpretation of the rules of application of law": to determine the contract for the international sale of goods contract interpretation rules, should explain the rules of the interpretation of contracts for the international sale of goods. This chapter covers the theory and practice of breach of contract interpretation difficulties, methods and basis, the general principle and applicable law of breach of contract the rules of interpretation.
The seventh chapter is the "equal" orientation of the distribution of the liability for breach of contracts in the international sale of goods, which is based on the relevant laws and regulations of the international civil and commercial law, and finds a new trend of value distribution as the responsibility of the international sale of goods.
In the part of the eighth chapter, the article points out a few points or conclusions:
First, the contract of international sale of goods should be judged by "transnational factor". This is helpful to distinguish from the pure domestic sales contract and protect the interests of the parties.
Secondly, the constitution of the liability for breach of contract in the international sale of goods should be based on the contract to explain objectivism and exclude the elements of "subjective factors", so as to strengthen the judicial control and balance the interests of the litigants more forcefully. We should also pay attention to the "equal and fair" value orientation in the allocation of the liability for breach of contract.
Thirdly, the differences between countries lead to the inconsistent interpretation and application of the uniform contract law, which inevitably requires the interpretation of the international legal norms system in the interpretation of breach of contract, and adhere to the principle of autonomy of the parties and the principle of good faith.
Fourth, the diversification of contractual obligation sources has become an important trend of modern contract law, in violation of contractual obligation, legal obligation and collateral obligation for breach of it is a new attempt. Moreover, the relief methods should also be diversified, including debt relief, relief and other relief right.

【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.1;D996.1

【参考文献】