中国船员外派机构法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 01:36

本文选题：船员外派机构　切入点：劳务关系　出处：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着海洋强国战略的不断推进以及我国正式批准加入《2006年海事劳工公约》,这对我国海上贸易的发展提出了更高的要求,船员外派机构作为其中重要的一个环节,必须顺应国家政策和时代的发展变化。但是目前我国船员外派机构制度还存在着诸多问题,不能满足我国海上贸易发展的需要,这些问题主要表现为:第一、相关法律的庞杂无序,法律位阶低,且相互之间存在冲突,对船员外派机构的性质没有明确的规定,国内立法的某些方面与国际立法相矛盾;第二、司法实践中同案不同判现象屡见不鲜,对相同的法律问题存在不同的判决标准,一些概念的内涵和外延不一致;第三、监管乏力。具体表现为:在监管职责上,众多监管部门之间,监管职权划分不清,导致出现争抢监管权和放弃监管权的极端现象;在监管环节上,缺乏有效的事中和事后监管;在处罚结果上,对船员外派机构的处罚力度不够;第四、船员外派机构行业自身缺乏有效的自律,混业经营、挂靠经营、出租出借资质现象多发,行业内不良竞争严重。本文采取比较研究法和案例分析法,对我国船员外派机构存在的问题进行了深入分析。通过对比外国法和国际条约有关规定,为我国船员外派机构的未来发展指明方向。本文共四个部分:第一部分介绍了船员外派机构的基本概念、船员外派中的主体、主体之间的法律关系以及笔者观点。第二部分分别从立法、司法、行政监管、行业内部四个方面展示了我国船员外派机构存在的现状,也即阐述了我国船员外派机构的实然状态。第三部分笔者介绍了韩国、菲律宾以及《2006年海事劳工公约》的相关规定,展现我国船员外派机构的应然状态。第四部分,通过实然和应然的对比,表明我国船员外派机构制度存在的一些列问题,进而为其进一步发展提出合理化的建议,其中既有长远性的对策也有临时性的方案。旨在完善我国船员外派机构制度,逐步引导船员外派机构向着居间人的法律性质发展。
[Abstract]:With the continuous promotion of the strategy of ocean power and China's formal ratification of the Maritime Labour Convention of 2006, this puts forward higher requirements for the development of maritime trade in China, in which the crew assignment organization is an important link.Must conform to the development of national policies and times.However, at present, there are still many problems in the system of crew assignment organization in China, which can not meet the needs of the development of China's maritime trade. These problems are mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, the related laws are complex and disorderly, and the legal rank is low.And there are conflicts between each other, there are no clear provisions on the nature of the crew assignment agencies, and some aspects of domestic legislation are inconsistent with international legislation; second, the phenomenon of different judgments in the same cases is common in judicial practice.There are different judgment standards for the same legal problems, and some concepts have different connotations and denotations. Thirdly, supervision is weak.The specific manifestations are as follows: in the supervisory duty, the supervision authority is not clearly divided among many regulatory departments, which leads to the extreme phenomenon of scrambling for the supervision right and giving up the supervision right, the lack of effective supervision in the supervision link, and the lack of effective supervision after the event;In the punishment result, the punishment to the crew assignment organization is not enough; fourth, the crew assignment organization itself lacks the effective self-discipline, the mixed business management, the link management, the leasing and lending qualification phenomenon frequently, the profession bad competition is serious.In this paper, the comparative research method and case analysis are used to analyze the problems existing in China's crew assignment agencies.By comparing the relevant provisions of foreign laws and international treaties, this paper points out the direction for the future development of China's crew assignment agencies.There are four parts in this paper: the first part introduces the basic concept of the crew assignment organization, the subject in the crew assignment, the legal relationship between the subjects and the author's viewpoint.The second part respectively from the legislation, the judiciary, the administrative supervision, the profession internal four aspects has demonstrated our country crew assignment organization existence present situation, also elaborated our country crew assignment organization actual situation.In the third part, the author introduces the relevant provisions of Korea, the Philippines and the Maritime Labour Convention of 2006, showing the status of the Chinese crew assignment agencies.In the fourth part, through the comparison between actual and ought to be, it shows that there are some problems in the system of crew assignment organization in our country, and then puts forward some reasonable suggestions for its further development, among which there are both long-term countermeasures and temporary schemes.The purpose of this paper is to perfect the system of crew assignment organizations in China and to guide them to develop to the legal nature of mediators.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997

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